Closing the Circle: Democratization and Development in AfricaWe all know that many African countries face political tyranny, failed capitalist development, and violent domestic conflict. What is less clear is what relationship may exist between effective democratic institutions and the solution of the last two problems. Richard Sandbrook draws on the experience with democratisation of a carefully selected sample of countries: Ghana, Mali and Niger in West Africa; Zambia, Tanzania and Madagascar in East Africa; and Sudan. He illustrates the diversity of African experiences of the transition to democratic political forms and the complex relationships between democratic institutions and economic reform and social order. He concludes that the ultimate value of democratic institutions lies in whether they lead to economic progress and social justice and peace. |
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Page 4
... elections in the period 1989–94 . Election observers declared more than half of these elections free and fair . Voter turnout , moreover , was rela- tively high , averaging 64 per cent . In fourteen cases , elections initiated a ...
... elections in the period 1989–94 . Election observers declared more than half of these elections free and fair . Voter turnout , moreover , was rela- tively high , averaging 64 per cent . In fourteen cases , elections initiated a ...
Page 29
... election awarding it a landslide victory . The most problematical transitional elections occurred in Ghana and Tanzania . In Ghana the opposition parties declared the 1992 presidential elections ( won by the incumbent dictator ...
... election awarding it a landslide victory . The most problematical transitional elections occurred in Ghana and Tanzania . In Ghana the opposition parties declared the 1992 presidential elections ( won by the incumbent dictator ...
Page 31
... elections only Madagascar passed the test . Elections in Madagascar tend to be chaotic , with allegations of malfeasance emanating from all the various party alliances ( Ratsimbaharison 1997 ) . Nonetheless , the country's electoral ...
... elections only Madagascar passed the test . Elections in Madagascar tend to be chaotic , with allegations of malfeasance emanating from all the various party alliances ( Ratsimbaharison 1997 ) . Nonetheless , the country's electoral ...
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Closing the Circle: Democratization and Development in Africa Richard Sandbrook Limited preview - 2000 |
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1996 elections Accra administrative African countries agencies associations authoritarian Botswana Burundi campaign capacity capital cent civil servants civil service clientelism coalition constitutional contests corruption coup crisis critics deadly conflict democ democratic transition donors economic decline economic reform electoral elite environmental ethnic external famine favour forces foreign Fourth Republic Ghana governing party governmental groups growth Humanitarian Emergencies independent infrastructure institutional reform intimidation investment journalists leaders liberalization Madagascar major Mali market reforms Mauritius ment military movements neo-liberal neo-patrimonial newspapers Niger Nigeria Nkrumahist officials one-party opposition parties organizations parliamentary party system patrimonial patronage PNDC political popular populist poverty president presidential programs pseudo-democracy Rawlings regional rent-seeking Report representative democracies revenues role rules rural sector social societies strategy structural adjustment Sub-Saharan Africa Sudan Tanzania tensions tion trade tradition UNIP University Press urban vote voters World Bank Zambia