Thermophysical Properties of PolymersAmong various branches of polymer physics an important position is occupied by that vast area, which deals with the thermal behav ior and thermal properties of polymers and which is normally called the thermal physics of polymers. Historically it began when the un usual thermo-mechanical behavior of natural rubber under stretch ing, which had been discovered by Gough at the very beginning of the last century, was studied 50 years later experimentally by Joule and theoretically by Lord Kelvin. This made it possible even at that time to distinguish polymers from other subjects of physical investigations. These investigation laid down the basic principles of solving the key problem of polymer physics - rubberlike elasticity - which was solved in the middle of our century by means of the statistical thermodynamics applied to chain molecules. At approx imately the same time it was demonstrated, by using the methods of solid state physics, that the low temperature dependence of heat capacity and thermal expansivity of linear polymers should fol low dependencies different from that characteristic of nonpolymeric solids. Finally, new ideas about the structure and morphology of polymers arised at the end of the 1950s stimulated the development of new thermal methods (differential scanning calorimetry, defor mation calorimetry), which have become very powerful instruments for studying the nature of various states of polymers and the struc tural heterogeneity. |
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... Poly ( buthyl acrylate ) Polybutadiene rubber Poly ( buthylene terephtalate ) Polycarbonate Polychloroprene rubber Poly ( chlorotrifluoroethylene ) Poly ( diethylsiloxane ) Poly ( dimethylsiloxane ) Polyethylene Low density polyethylene ...
... Poly ( buthyl acrylate ) Polybutadiene rubber Poly ( buthylene terephtalate ) Polycarbonate Polychloroprene rubber Poly ( chlorotrifluoroethylene ) Poly ( diethylsiloxane ) Poly ( dimethylsiloxane ) Polyethylene Low density polyethylene ...
Page 123
... Poly Sci Polym Phys Ed 28 : 857 18. Khanna YP , Taylor TJ and Chomin G ( 1988 ) Poly Eng Sci 28 : 1034 19. Schallamach A ( 1941 ) Proc Phys Soc 53 : 214 20. Holzmüller W and Munx M ( 1958 ) Kolloid Z 159 : 25 21. Zanemonets NA and Fogel ...
... Poly Sci Polym Phys Ed 28 : 857 18. Khanna YP , Taylor TJ and Chomin G ( 1988 ) Poly Eng Sci 28 : 1034 19. Schallamach A ( 1941 ) Proc Phys Soc 53 : 214 20. Holzmüller W and Munx M ( 1958 ) Kolloid Z 159 : 25 21. Zanemonets NA and Fogel ...
Page 128
... poly- mers is presented with a special focus on relationships following from the thermomechanical equations of state for various deformation modes and on the elucidation of molecular mechanisms of macroscopic deformation and structural ...
... poly- mers is presented with a special focus on relationships following from the thermomechanical equations of state for various deformation modes and on the elucidation of molecular mechanisms of macroscopic deformation and structural ...
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accompanied adiabatic amorphous polymers amorphous regions anisotropy annealing block copolymers calculated calorimeter calorimetry chains Chem cold drawing compression constant corresponding crystallization curve decrease degree of crystallinity drawing rate drawn crystalline polymers elasticity modulus elastomers elongation energy contribution entropy equation experimental extension filler function glass transition glassy polymers Godovsky YuK Gruneisen parameter HDPE heat capacity increase interchain interfibrillar internal energy internal energy change intrachain inversion lattice LDPE linear thermal expansion low temperature macromolecules measurements mechanical methods microfibrils modes modulus molecular negative thermal expansion networks obtained oriented phonon plastic deformation PMMA Polym Sci Polym pressure room temperature rubber elasticity sample Sci Polym Phys shown in Fig solid polymers strain stretching structure studied temperature dependence temperature range temperature rise thermal conductivity thermal diffusivity thermal effects thermal expansion coefficient thermocouple thermodynamic thermoelastic thermomechanical behavior typical undrawn values vibrations volume change Vysokomol Soedin