In Vitro Biological Systems

In vitro methods have provided a valuable tool for toxicological research over the years. Historically, these methods have made significant contributions to our understanding of toxic mechanisms of action and xenobiotic metabolism and, in this context, have provided an indispensable resource for investigative toxicology. More recently, the value of in vitro systems as toxicity tests for chemical safety and hazard evaluation has been recognized and explored. Whether the in vitro approach is employed as a model system for investigative research or as a toxicity test for risk assessment, a critical component is the biological system. Selection and successful culturing of the appropriate cell, tissue or organ for a particular scientific purpose is essential for a satisfactory outcome. The objective of this volume is to provide both beginning and established researchers with basic techniques employed by widely recognized scientists to prepare and maintain the biological components of in vitro model systems. The compilation is not intended to be exhaustive but to provide a set of pivotal methods of value to researchers in the field of toxicology. The methods have been organized by organ systems for easy reference.