The Cortical NeuronMichael Joseph Gutnick, Istvan Mody To understand how the cerebral cortex functions requires knowledge of single cells in this region and of their organization into cortical networks. Looking beyond the classical "wiring diagram" description of the organization of cortical cells into circuits, this innovative work focuses on dynamic aspects of cerebral cortical physiology, both at the single-neuron and network levels. Recent years have seen a remarkable expansion of knowledge about the basic cellular physiology and molecular biology of cortical neurons--their membrane properties, their synaptic characteristics, their functional connectivity, their development, and the mechanisms of their response to injury. This authoritative volume includes contributions by many of the renowned neurobiologists and neurologists directly responsible for these advances. It is divided into four main sections, each of which is prefaced with an overview by a leading expert in the field. The sections cover cortical neurons and synapses, the cortical network, the developing cortical neuron, and the vulnerable cortical neuron. This final section focuses on the cortical neuron in relation to the mechanisms of epilepsy. Together, the chapters provide a balanced, up-to-date, multidisciplinary perspective on the normal and pathological function of the cells of the cerebral cortex, identifying the controversies and critical issues facing modern researchers in this exciting field. |
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Page 145
... GABAergic inhibitory synapses ( Hendry and Jones , 1981 ; Keller and White , 1987 ; Kisvarday et al . , 1986 ... GABAergic neurons ( i.e. 90 % to 100 % are GAD or GABA positive ) , usually in small ( 8 to 12 μm diameter ) local plexus ...
... GABAergic inhibitory synapses ( Hendry and Jones , 1981 ; Keller and White , 1987 ; Kisvarday et al . , 1986 ... GABAergic neurons ( i.e. 90 % to 100 % are GAD or GABA positive ) , usually in small ( 8 to 12 μm diameter ) local plexus ...
Page 155
... GABAergic inhibitory system . They suggest that GABA can function as an excitatory neurotrans- mitter onto inhibitory interneurons ; that is , recurrent connections between GABAergic neurons can cause excitation of interneurons ...
... GABAergic inhibitory system . They suggest that GABA can function as an excitatory neurotrans- mitter onto inhibitory interneurons ; that is , recurrent connections between GABAergic neurons can cause excitation of interneurons ...
Page 170
... GABAergic agonists or that potentiate GABAergic function might paradoxically increase oscillatory synchronization in epileptic discharges that activate and depend on thal- amocortical synchronizing mechanisms for expression . This type ...
... GABAergic agonists or that potentiate GABAergic function might paradoxically increase oscillatory synchronization in epileptic discharges that activate and depend on thal- amocortical synchronizing mechanisms for expression . This type ...
Contents
Thirty Years Among Cortical Neurons | 3 |
Measurement of Cortical Neurotransmitter Receptors with | 19 |
An Overview | 27 |
Copyright | |
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action potentials activity amino acid AMPA amplitude antagonists axon binding blocked Brain Res burst Ca² Ca2+ calcium calmodulin CaM kinase cellular cerebral cortex circuit Connors cortical cortical neurons dendrites depolarization discharges effects epilepsy epileptic epileptiform epileptogenesis EPSPs evoked excitability excitatory synaptic expression firing frequency function GABA receptors GABAergic gene glutamate receptors granule cells hippocampus hyperexcitability hyperpolarizing IB cells increase inhibition inhibitory neurons input interneurons intracellular intrinsic ion channels IPSPs kainate kindled layer McCormick mechanisms mediated membrane potential metabotropic modulation molecular mRNA msec mutant neocortex neocortical neurons Neurosci neurotransmitter NMDA receptors Noebels patterns phenotype phosphorylation physiological postnatal postsynaptic presynaptic Prince properties protein kinase pyramidal cells pyramidal neurons receptor subunits receptor-mediated region relay release response Schwartzkroin seizures signaling slices soma spike spike-wave spontaneous stimulation studies subtypes synaptic transmission synchronized terminals thalamic transient transmitter visual cortex vitro voltage voltage-dependent