X-Ray Diffraction: A Practical ApproachIn this, the only book available to combine both theoretical and practical aspects of x-ray diffraction, the authors emphasize a "hands on" approach through experiments and examples based on actual laboratory data. Part I presents the basics of x-ray diffraction and explains its use in obtaining structural and chemical information. In Part II, eight experimental modules enable the students to gain an appreciation for what information can be obtained by x-ray diffraction and how to interpret it. Examples from all classes of materials -- metals, ceramics, semiconductors, and polymers -- are included. Diffraction patterns and Bragg angles are provided for students without diffractometers. 192 illustrations. |
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... obtain information on an atomic scale from both crystalline and noncrystalline ( amorphous ) materials . The discov- ery of x - ray diffraction by crystals in ... obtained can be interpreted . The book is divided into two parts : Part I V.
... obtain information on an atomic scale from both crystalline and noncrystalline ( amorphous ) materials . The discov- ery of x - ray diffraction by crystals in ... obtained can be interpreted . The book is divided into two parts : Part I V.
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... obtained from a cubic material can be indexed . First we go through the necessary theory , using the minimum amount of mathematics . Then we do a worked example based on actual experimental data we have obtained ; this is followed by an ...
... obtained from a cubic material can be indexed . First we go through the necessary theory , using the minimum amount of mathematics . Then we do a worked example based on actual experimental data we have obtained ; this is followed by an ...
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... obtain structural information about single crystals and their orientation and the structure of noncrystalline ( amorphous ) materials . But this requires use of a slightly different experimental setup or sophisticated software which is ...
... obtain structural information about single crystals and their orientation and the structure of noncrystalline ( amorphous ) materials . But this requires use of a slightly different experimental setup or sophisticated software which is ...
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... obtained . The continuous spectrum is due to electrons losing their energy in a series of collisions with the atoms that make up the target , as shown in Fig . 4. Because each electron loses its energy in a different way , a continuous ...
... obtained . The continuous spectrum is due to electrons losing their energy in a series of collisions with the atoms that make up the target , as shown in Fig . 4. Because each electron loses its energy in a different way , a continuous ...
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... obtain Subshell notation LI LI FFF Lm n 1 2 0 2 ms j 112 112 MIN It is the presence of these subshells that gives rise to splitting of the characteristic lines in the x - ray spectrum . TABLE 1. Energies of the K , LÁ , and 10 Basics.
... obtain Subshell notation LI LI FFF Lm n 1 2 0 2 ms j 112 112 MIN It is the presence of these subshells that gives rise to splitting of the characteristic lines in the x - ray spectrum . TABLE 1. Energies of the K , LÁ , and 10 Basics.
Contents
3 | |
21 | |
Practical Aspects of XRay Diffraction | 63 |
Cubic Structures | 94 |
Hexagonal Structures | 125 |
Precise Lattice Parameter Measurements | 153 |
Phase Diagram Determination | 167 |
Quantitative Analysis of Powder Mixtures | 223 |
Identification of an Unknown Specimen | 237 |
Appendixes | 251 |
Atomic and lonic Scattering Factors of Some Selected | 255 |
Physical Constants and Conversion Factors | 261 |
Index | 271 |
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Common terms and phrases
20 values absorption alloy aluminum amplitude ångstrom atomic scattering factor atoms per cell atoms per unit body-centered cubic Bragg angle Bragg's law Bravais lattice broadening close-packed components composition copper cos² crystal structure crystal systems crystallite CsCl cubic Bravais lattice detector determine diamond cubic diamond cubic structure diffracted beam electron energy equation example Experimental Module face-centered cubic face-centered cubic Bravais face-centering translations fcc structure grain hexagonal hkl a nm integrated intensity lattice parameter lattice parameter(s lattice point lattice strain metal Miller indices mixture NaCl structure obtained orthorhombic phase diagram point lattice polycrystalline powder quantum number radiation relative intensities shell shown in Fig silicon simple cubic sin² sin² 0 sin² sin² 0 values slits solid solution spacing structure factor Table Theta FIG Titanium unit cell unknown specimen wavelength x-ray diffraction pattern x-ray photon zinc blende