X-Ray Diffraction: A Practical ApproachIn this, the only book available to combine both theoretical and practical aspects of x-ray diffraction, the authors emphasize a "hands on" approach through experiments and examples based on actual laboratory data. Part I presents the basics of x-ray diffraction and explains its use in obtaining structural and chemical information. In Part II, eight experimental modules enable the students to gain an appreciation for what information can be obtained by x-ray diffraction and how to interpret it. Examples from all classes of materials -- metals, ceramics, semiconductors, and polymers -- are included. Diffraction patterns and Bragg angles are provided for students without diffractometers. 192 illustrations. |
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Page 15
... two waves scattered in the forward direction are said to be in phase ( in step or coherent are other terms we use ) ... phase ) difference . ( A wavefront is simply a surface perpendicular to the direction of propaga- tion of the wave ...
... two waves scattered in the forward direction are said to be in phase ( in step or coherent are other terms we use ) ... phase ) difference . ( A wavefront is simply a surface perpendicular to the direction of propaga- tion of the wave ...
Page 16
... two waves : ( a ) when the component waves are in phase , we have constructive interference and the resultant wave amplitude is large ; ( b ) when the phase difference increases , the amplitude of the resultant wave decreases ; and ( c ) ...
... two waves : ( a ) when the component waves are in phase , we have constructive interference and the resultant wave amplitude is large ; ( b ) when the phase difference increases , the amplitude of the resultant wave decreases ; and ( c ) ...
Page 18
... phase , then constructive interference occurs . If the waves are 180 ° out ... two or more of these scattered waves , producing a resultant wave that is ... two coherent ( i.e. , in phase ) beams of light obtained by passing light through ...
... phase , then constructive interference occurs . If the waves are 180 ° out ... two or more of these scattered waves , producing a resultant wave that is ... two coherent ( i.e. , in phase ) beams of light obtained by passing light through ...
Page 53
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Page 84
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Contents
3 | |
21 | |
Practical Aspects of XRay Diffraction | 63 |
Cubic Structures | 94 |
Hexagonal Structures | 125 |
Precise Lattice Parameter Measurements | 153 |
Phase Diagram Determination | 167 |
Quantitative Analysis of Powder Mixtures | 223 |
Identification of an Unknown Specimen | 237 |
Appendixes | 251 |
Atomic and lonic Scattering Factors of Some Selected | 255 |
Physical Constants and Conversion Factors | 261 |
Index | 271 |
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Common terms and phrases
20 values absorption alloy aluminum amplitude ångstrom atomic scattering factor atoms per cell atoms per unit body-centered cubic Bragg angle Bragg's law Bravais lattice broadening close-packed components composition copper cos² crystal structure crystal systems crystallite CsCl cubic Bravais lattice detector determine diamond cubic diamond cubic structure diffracted beam electron energy equation example Experimental Module face-centered cubic face-centered cubic Bravais face-centering translations fcc structure grain hexagonal hkl a nm integrated intensity lattice parameter lattice parameter(s lattice point lattice strain metal Miller indices mixture NaCl structure obtained orthorhombic phase diagram point lattice polycrystalline powder quantum number radiation relative intensities shell shown in Fig silicon simple cubic sin² sin² 0 sin² sin² 0 values slits solid solution spacing structure factor Table Theta FIG Titanium unit cell unknown specimen wavelength x-ray diffraction pattern x-ray photon zinc blende