Physical principles and techniques of protein chemistry, Part 2

absorbance absorption change absorption spectrum amino acids applied axis binding Biochem Biol Biophys birefringence boundary bovine serum albumin buffer calculated Cann carboxyl Chem chromophores coefficient components concentration conformational changes contrast curve denaturation density determined dielectric constant dielectric increment dielectric relaxation difference spectrum diffraction dipole Edelhoch effect electric birefringence electric field electron microscope electrophoresis emission energy enzyme equation equilibrium excitation experimental factor film fluorescence fraction frequency gel filtration glycol gradient heavy atom instrument intensity interactions ionic strength ionization ions light macromolecules measured method migration mobility molar molecular weight molecules moving-boundary observed obtained optical ovalbumin parameter particles peaks permanent dipole phase phenolic phenolic groups photomultiplier plot polarization polymer produced proton quantum yield ratio reaction relaxation residues resolution ribonuclease sample shadow shift shown in Fig solvent solvent perturbation specimen spectra structure technique temperature theoretical theory tion tryptophan tyrosine ultraviolet unit cell values wavelength Weber zone