Angels at Qumran: A Comparative Study of 1 Enoch 1-36; 72-108 and Sectarian Writings from QumranA comprehensive study of the perspectives on angels of Qumran sectarian authors and of the authors of those sections of 1 (Ethiopic) Enoch represented in the Qumran library. Marked differences emerge as the roles of angels are considered in relation to various topics. These include beliefs about how the sun entered the world, events at the close of the present age, the means by which divine revelation is communicated to God's people and the ways in which the author thought about the relationship of the pious to angels, both in this age and in the eschaton. |
Contents
Abbreviations | 12 |
1 ENOCH | 18 |
Chapter 2 | 31 |
Chapter 3 | 62 |
1 ENOCH 7282 | 79 |
Chapter 5 | 95 |
Chapter 6 | 111 |
Chapter 9 | 113 |
Angelological Terminology of the Sabbath Shirot | 247 |
A Single Leading Angel? | 253 |
SMALLER DOCUMENTS | 255 |
4QAmram | 264 |
Melchiresha in 4Q280 2 | 268 |
4QBerakot | 269 |
4Q180 and 4Q181 | 271 |
Description of the New Jerusalem | 275 |
Chapter 7 | 132 |
Chapter 8 | 142 |
Appendix D | 155 |
Chapter 13 | 169 |
THE DAMASCUS COVENANT | 171 |
CD 1 14 12a | 174 |
Angels in the Damascus Covenant | 177 |
Chapter 10 | 187 |
Methodology | 188 |
1QH 3 1936 | 201 |
1QH 13 8 and 18 23 | 204 |
1QH 1 613 | 206 |
The Judgment of Angels | 208 |
Chapter 11 | 212 |
The Forces of Evil in the Eschatological War | 215 |
The Sovereignty of God | 221 |
Gods Lot and the Angels | 224 |
Angelic Participation in the Eschatological Battle | 228 |
The Sources of the Dualism of 1QM | 232 |
Chapter 12 | 235 |
The Heavenly Temple | 237 |
The Angelic Priesthood | 238 |
Angelic Praise in the Sabbath Shirot | 245 |
Angels and the Eschatological War | 246 |
1QSa | 276 |
1QSb | 278 |
4QFlor | 281 |
4QCatenaa | 282 |
PART III | 287 |
Chapter 14 | 288 |
Angels and Responsibility for Sin in the World | 293 |
Gods Judgment on Angels | 297 |
Obedient Angels and Judgment | 300 |
The Superiority of God in Relation to Angels | 303 |
Angels as Mediators | 309 |
Further Cosmic Functions of Angels in the Enochic Books | 314 |
Angels and the Throne of God | 315 |
The Association of the Righteous and Angels | 316 |
Concluding Comparative Remarks | 320 |
Issues for Further Investigation | 322 |
Appendix A THE FOUR ARCHANGELS IN 1 ENOCH 9 1 | 325 |
Appendix B TERMINOLOGY IN THE BOOKS OF ENOCH | 327 |
TERMINOLOGY IN THE QUMRAN LITERATURE | 333 |
TERMINOLOGY IN THE SABBATH SHIROT | 338 |
| 357 | |
| 379 | |
Common terms and phrases
11QMelch 1QSa 1QSb Angel of Darkness angels of destruction Apocalypse of Weeks Apocalyptic appears Aramaic archangels Asael Astronomical Book Belial Biblical blessing Book of Dreams Book of Enoch Book of Giants Book of Watchers Carmignac concerning context cosmic dualism Damascus Covenant Dead Sea Dead Sea Scrolls Deut Dimant discussion document dominion dualism earth Enochic books Enochic writings Epistle of Enoch eschatological eternal Ethiopic everlasting evil fallen angels fallen watchers final judgment Fitzmyer fragments God's heaven heavenly Hodayot holy human hymn idea Israel Jewish Judaism Kobelski Melchizedek mentioned Michael Milik Newsom Nickelsburg Parables passage Pesher present priests Prince of Lights Qumran Cave Qumran community Qumran literature refers to angels revelation RevQ righteous Sabbath Sacrifice Sabbath Shirot Sariel Scroll sect members sect's Sectarian Literature sectaries Shemihazah sons of darkness sons of light Spirits Discourse suggests temple Testament Thanksgiving Hymns tradition translation War Scroll wicked Yadin