Canadian Banking & Monetary Policy

action adjustments aggregate demand bank claims bank deposits Bank of Canada Bank Rate bank reserves Bank's bankers banking system borrowers Canadian dollar capital flows cash reserves cent central bank ceteris paribus changes in credit chartered banks commercial banks competition cost countries credit conditions currency debt policies deficit demand deposits domestic economic policy employment estimate exchange-rate expenditure Federal Reserve financial institutions financial intermediaries financial markets fiscal policy fixed exchange rate flexible exchange rate foreign function funds Governor hold important income increase inflation influence instruments interest rates investment issue lenders lending liabilities liquid assets loans ment monetary and debt monetary authorities monetary base monetary policy money market money stock money supply moral suasion near-banks nominal nominal money non-bank intermediaries operations period Phillips Curve price level quantity of money rate system reduce relative reserve ratio responsibility rise short-term spending stability theory tion variables