THE MASK OF FLOWERS. 63 was a cap of red-cloth of gold, from his ears were pendants, a glass chain was about his neck, his body and legs were covered with olive coloured stuff, in his hand were a bow and arrows, and "the bases, of tobacco colored stuff cut like tobacco leaves."1 Silenus. "Kawasha comes in majestie Was never such a God as he He's come from a farre countrie To make our nose a chimney. Kawasha. "The Wine takes the contrary way But good Tobacco makes no stay But seizeth where it should. More incense hath burned at Great Kawashae's foote Than to Silen and Bacchus both, And take in Jove to boote. Silenus. "The Worthies they were nine 'tis true But now are come up Worthies new The roaring boyes Kawashae's crew. Kawasha. "Silenus toppes the barrel, but Tobacco toppes the braine And makes the vapours fine and soote, Nothing but fumigation Doth charm away ill spirits, Kawasha and his nation Found out these holy rites." To such plays the Rev. Mr. Crashaw seems to allude in the introductory epistle to Whitaker's Good Newes from 1 Nichols, II, 739, 740. Virginia, when he speaks of the calumnies against the colony, "and the jests of prophane players and other sycophants and the flouts and mockes of some who by their age and profession should be no mockers,"1 and Purchas, also a clergyman, writes: "God Almighty prosper that the word may goe out of Bermuda, and the law of the Lord from Virginia to a true conversion of the American World then hitherto Our Humorists or Spanish insolence have intended." 2 In the Daily Prayer appointed for the plantation, published in 1612 with the civil and martial code, and perhaps composed by Rev. William Crashaw, is this petition : "And wheras we haue by vndertaking this plantation vndergone the reproofs of the base world, insomuch as many of our owne brethren laugh vs to scorne, O Lord we pray thee fortifie vs against this temptation: let Sanballat & Tobias, Papists & Players and such other Amonits & Horonits the scum & dregs of the earth, let the mocke such as helpe to build vp the wals of Jerusalem, and they that be filthy, let the be filthy still." * The Lotteries. An intimate friend of Sir Dudley Carleton, on February 12, 1611-12, wrote from London: "There is a lottery in 1 An allusion, probably, to Lord Bacon, who spent much money in getting up the Mask of Flowers. 2 Purchas, vol. V, p. 834. 3 This language is also used in the Epistle to the Reader prefixed to Hamor's Relation, published in 1615. LOTTERIES ESTABLISHED. 65 hand for furthering the Virginia voyage, and an under company erecting for the trade of the Bermudas, which have changed their name twice within this month, being first christened Virginiola as a member of that plantation, but now lately resolved to be called the Summer Islands, as well in respect of the continued temperate air, as in remembrance of Sir George Summers that died there."1 The London Company, under the charter of 1609, had become demoralized. One-third of the members after paying their first installment never took any more interest in colonization, another third refused to pay their pledges, and the burthen of the transactions fell upon the remainder. Suits were commenced by the Company against those "whose hands were not so ready to go to their purses as they were to the paper," and to relieve them still further the lottery was projected.2 Howes remarks: "The Kings Maiesty in speciall fauour for the present plantation of English Collonies in Virginia, 1 Court and Times of James First, vol. I, pp. 160, 161. 2 On August 1, 1613, Chamberlain wrote to Carleton as follows: "When the business at Virginia was at the highest, in that heat many gentlemen and others were drawn by persuasion and importunity of friends to underwrite their names for the adventurers; but when it came to pay, especially the second or third time, their hands were not so ready to go to their purses as they were to the paper, and in the end flatly refused. Whereupon they are sued by the Company in Chancery, where this action finds such favour that they have ready despatch, and the underwriters are forced to make payment which amounts to a round sum between £3000 and £4000. Among the rest your cousin Will. Lytton was drawn on by Sir Walter Cope, with persuasion that he should not need to adventure any thing unless he list, but only to give his name for encouragement to others and for a countenance to the cause. But now it comes to the reckoning, he is fain to disburse £40, and his friend Sir Walter connot protect him." Court and Times of James First, I, 263. graunted a liberall Lottery, in which was contained fiue thousand pound in prizes certaine, besides rewardes of casualty, and began to be drawne, in a new built house at the West end of Pauls, the 29 of June, 1612. Out of which Lottery, for want of filling up the number of lots, there were then taken out and throwne away, three score thousand blankes without abating of any one prize; and by the twentieth of July all was drawne and finished. This Lottery was so plainly carried, and honestly performed, that it gaue full satisfaction to all persons, Thomas Sharplisse a Taylor of London had the chief prize, viz, foure thousand Crownes in fayre plate, which was sent to his house in very stately manner: during the whole time of the drawing of this lottery, there were alwayes present diuers worshipfull Knights and Esquires, accompanied with sundry graue discreete Citizens." 1 It was not until after the arrival in England of Sir Thomas Gates and Captain Samuel Argall, about the month of June, 1614, that steps were taken to have the great standing lottery.2 Early in 1615 the council sent to the paper and aldermen of Canterbury a true declaration of the state of the English colony in Virginia, with a project, by the help of a lottery, to bring that work to the success desired, and commended "that worthy and Christian enterprize to their 1 Howe's continuation of Stow's Chronicles, p. 1002. 2 Purchas, IV, 1773. 15s. and won a Cunega, the Spanish embassador, wrote to Madrid on Sept. 22, 1614, that there was a lottery on foot to raise 20,000 ducats. In this all the livery companies adventured. The Grocers ventured 627. silver salt and cover valued at 137. 10s. See Herbert's Livery Companies and Cal. State Papers. DEBATE IN HOUSE OF COMMONS. 67 care," and asked that they would use their best endeavors to persuade persons of ability to buy tickets. With the letter were blank books from the treasurer and council of Virginia for registering the sums adventured, which were to be returned with the money collected.1 Smith has preserved in his history the Company's declaration relative to the lottery.2 DEBATE IN PARLIAMENT ON VIRGINIA AFFAIRS. The third charter of the London Company, with its privilege of a lottery, had created some jealousy, and in the parliament of 1614 led to considerable discussion. Sir Thomas Smith, a member of the House of Commons, in a debate on the 20th of April, said that if he as the governor of the Company could influence the members, the patent should be brought in. Sergeant Montague declared that the patent was against law, and a member by the name of Middleton said: "That the Company were willing to yield up their pa tent, that it had not been their intention to use it otherwise than for the good of all parties, and confessed that there had been some miscarriages. The shopkeepers of London sent over all kinds of goods, for which they received tobacco instead of coin, infinitely to the prejudice of the Commonwealth. Many of the divines now smell of tobacco and poor men spend 4d. of their days wages at night in smoke, and wished that this patent may be 1 damnsbury, Cal. State Papers, p. 18. |