cloath the naked, and inform the ig norant. Among thefe, the raifing a fund for maintaining and educating expofed and deferted young children, appears, to be the molt excellent, with refpect to its objects, its motives, and its use. The objects of this charity are those alone who fuffer by the faults, follies or indigence of others, and who confequently have the ftrongest claim to the benevolence of mankind. The motives muit be difinterested, because those who receive the munificence cannot fo much as acknowledge the obligation. Its ule is most important and extenfive, as the number of ufeful hands are not only immediately increased by the number of children thus preferved, but their defcendants will be free from the difeafes which are propagated by almost all the loweft clafs of mankind, who are brought up in want, naftiness, and iniquity. A furer of the hospital for one moiety of the toll received every Sunday. It is computed that the money received on Sundays, only at the feveral turnpikes round London, amounts to near 800l. per Ann. And it is hoped that if the fund for this charity fhould receive an annual increase, of which this fum is but part, and the voluntary contributions fhould continue, the plan may be extended to the reception of lying in women, which would not only preferve many valuable lives among the poor, but by being a proper fchool for midwives, alfo preferve great numbers both of mothers and children in the middling and higher ftations of life, who now perish thro' their ignorance. An hofpital of this purpose has already been founded with great fuccefs in Dublin. The benefit of this fcheme Cis, that the collectors are already appointed, and the accounts will be no trouble; a fmall allowance for remitting the money will be the only deductions, and fure no perfon will grudge so small a trifle, as it will be to every one that fhall pay to it. But thefe truly defirable ends can be anfwered but in part, till the prefent fund is encreased by the acceffion of new and liberal benefactions; for as the un-... happy mother who murders her infant D at its birth, is not moved by the fear of expence, but of fhame, nothing but an hofpital, which fhall be always open to receive the infant as foon as it is born, can remove her motive to destroy it; for her character will be effectually ruined by keeping it till there happens to be a vacancy. And but a few of thofe who might be good feamen, or ufeful mechanics, are now preferved from starving with a parifh nurse, or becoming the pefts of fociety, by being early abandoned to the preffing neceffities of life, without having been taught any honeft method to fupply them. It is therefore hoped, that a propofal to render this charity more extenfive, and equal to its original intention, will be favourably received by thofe worthy trustees and governors, who have already generoufly contributed to it, and that their intereft with the members of the legislature will not G be wanting to promote an act not below its notice. The propofal is, that an additional payment, double at leaft, may be made at all the turnpikes thronghout the kingdom by thofe who pafs on Sundays A very fhort claufe, inferted in anн· act, will ferve for this purpote, obliging the collectors or commiffioners for ch turnpike to account with the trea If any good effect fhall refult from laying thefe confiderations before your numerous readers, and particularly the trustees and governors of the foundling hofpital, I am fure you will fhare the pleasure of, Sir, Yours &c. Mile-end, Stratford, Hackney, Kingfland, Ilington, Pancrafs, Tottenham-court, Tyburn, Hyde-Park, Kensington, Chelsea. And on the Surry fide, St Thomas a Watering, New Crofs, Vauxball, Lambeth and Newington." April 29. We have received ten tranflations of Grotius's Adamus Exulbefides what may come to-morrow. ** In answer to A. B.'s affertion that a point of pure revelation is a fundamental maxim in phyfies, viz. that there has been no new fpecies of beings created fince the clofe of the great creating week (jee p. 128)-we have receiv'd a letter from E. B. with this motto, Anew generation of fools. Wifd. 19. 2. The Weekly Journals this month are mottly upon trite topics, and not preferable to what we have felected. The Weftminster Journal of the 25th, indeed, makes fome queries, why French fleets go and return invisible to ours? and why certain commanders are terrify'd by French merchant ships, and take them for a royal fleet from Breft? An Infurrection A particular AccoUNT of the Infur rection at GENOA; from a paper printed at Ratisbon in Germany, Dec. 27, 1746, by the Empe For's Authority (See Vol. XVI. p.669. A Jan last p. 13, and Feb. p. 73.) O at GENO A. 165 Jagno. The people, who, at the found of a certain bell, aflembled in an instant, to the number of upwards of 10,000, in the fuburbs and in the city, attacked the gate of Bifagno, without any ceremony, and made themfelves mafters of it. At the fame time, the poft office was fecued, and the letters taken away, eight palaces pillaged, and the arfenal broke open. The people, by this time, formed a little fort of an army, as well in refpect to numbers, which increased every moment, as by the arms and artillery with which they were furnished, and took post in the great street of Balbi, the aveC nues of which they barricadoed with trunks, chefts, tables, and other furniture, which they brought out of the eight houfes they had plundered. Thefe difpofitions were interrupted by a fort of truce. Some propofitiD ons were made to the revolters. They likewife made propofitions on their part; and went fo far as to demand hoftages. Their other propofitions were not at all lefs ridiculous and unacceptable than this. N December 5, a company of imperial cannoneers drew out of the arfenal at Genoa a train of artillery, deftin'd for the fervice of the army in Provence. Chance, curiofity, or, B very poffibly, fome other confideration, had drawn together a great number of porters and chairmen, who look'd on with an eye, that might be faid to repeat what had been whispered fame days before, that the liberty of the Republick and her cannon would Juddaly depart together. There happenel a mischance to one of the carriage. The cannoneers invited fome of the fpectators to affift them." The negative anfwer given by the greaeft part, and the manner in which it was given, provoked the officer, who commanded the cannoneers, to empoy his cane, in hopes that kind of perfuafion might have met with better fuccefs. But a fhower of ftones with which himself and his people wer fuddenly faluted, obliged them to by afide the bufinefs for that day. In the 6th, between fifty and fixty grenadiers were fent to the fame place, where this fcene had paffed, in order to cover the cannoneers, who had orders to return to their work. The fame fort of fpectators that look ed on the day before were got toge ther again, but in greater numbers, and all of them provided with firearms. They came to blows, no body can tell how. An officer and nineteen grenadiers were killed, and the reft obliged to retire. The following night was very quiet, as indeed the former had been, and as if nothing extraordinary had paffed in either of the days before. On the 7th, the fenate ordered fifty men, of the troops of the republick, to take poft at the gate of Bi(Gent. Mag. APRIL 1747-) F The doge and fenate, during this fufpenfion of arms, fent an officer of their troops to the Marquis de Botta, to affure him, that they had no part at all in this event, and that they were ready to do whatever he fhould think fit to command them. The marquis gave them inftructions to arm the foldiers of the republick, who, to the number of 4 or 5000, were in and about the city, to the end that they the next day might fall upon the revolters, on the fignal given for the imperial troops on their fide to begin G the attack. H The Genoefe officer employed in this negotiation, had been formerly in the service of the house of Auftria. He was the fame person who commanded at Nifa under General Doxat, and who was discharged, as all the world knows, when the other loft his head at Belgrade. A B On the 8th, agreeable to the anfwer given by that officer, the imperial infantry entered into Genoa, preceded by about 100 horfe, and fome companies of grenadiers. The mutineers faluted them with their cannon, charged with cartridge-fhot, and made, from the pofts which they had occupied, fo brifk, fo regular, and fo continual a fire, that other measures would have certainly been taken, if the diverfion concerted with the fenate had not hitherto been relied on. However, fome posts were forced, and a good many prifoners taken, among whom were found Genoefe officers in difguife, and abundance of very honeft gentlemen from the gallies, who very C frankly owned they had their liberty given them, upon condition of bear ing arms against the imperialifts. But the inhabitants in the fuburbs beginning alfo to rife, and the number of revolters in the city increafing every moment, instead of diminishing, the D imperialists were obliged to retire fighting, without being able to withdraw nine companies of grenadiers and fuzileers, of which two were in the mole, and seven in the Bifagno. They were likewise obliged to abandon their magazines, and a great part of their E baggage and equipage; among the reft the marquis de Botta, and count Choteck,commiffary-general, loft theirs. But as the only point in queftion was to fecure the communication with Lombardy, the fingle point kept in view was the gaining the pafs of the Bochetta, and taking fuch a pofition as might admit of waiting for the fuccours neceffary for recovering Genoa; and this was accordingly executed in the night between the 8th and 9th, before the inhabitants of Poncevera could make themfelves mafters of the defiles. Some days before this infurrection there had been very great debates in an affembly of the fenate, on the fubject of the fubfiftence of the imperial troops. The minds of the fenators were fo heated upon this occasion, that G H The doge feeing that the party that they were very near coming to blows. opposed the demands of the imperialists were a third stronger than they that were for complying with that demand, adjourned the debate without putting any queftion. any question. But having been informed foon after, that a fenator went to the marquis de Botta, and lefired him to take the republic under her imperial majefty's protection, and had received for answer, that he had no orders upon that head, his feenity thought fit to fend him to prifon, as a betrayer of the public liberty. This ftep, which had a very rigorous apand ill-humour of the people, who pearance, heightened the uneainefs were already enough difpofed totake fire; and joined to the infinuatios of officers up and down the town, who were very defirous of difappoiting the expedition into Provence, by naking a diverfion of a new kind, braght about the darling scheme of a general infurrection, by which the populace were drawn in, to hazard all the ittle they have left, in favour of those for have loft; as if the way to get or of whom they have facrificed all hey prefent difficulties was obftinately to perfift in that road, by which hey were brought into them, If to these reflections we add, hat it is impoffible 6 or 7000 people fhould get together as it were in aninhad not previously agreed to rife upon ftant at the ringing of a bell, if they that fignal: If we give a due attention to another circumftance, which was, that the first step that the people took after they rofe, was to poffefs themselves of that gate precifely, which proved of the greatest consequence to them in the course of the infurrection: If we remark, that they plundered only a very few palaces, and those belonging to feveral families, that there were reasons they the inaction of the troops of the refhould plunder: If we take notice of publick, notwithstanding the meafures concerted with the fenate on the Hiftorical Account of GENO A. the 7th: If we remember, that their As it is very furprizing, that the 167 In 1257 they rejected their confuls, and chofe a prefident. Five years af. ter they reftored their confuls; who continued till 1339, when a popular faction chofe a duke; who fome time after was banished, but was restored again, and fucceeded by 15 or 16 0ther dukes, who reigned about 33 years. After this they fubmitted to the French in 1396. About 13 years after they maffacred the French, and fubmitted to the Marquis of Montfer #at. In 1413 they revolted from him, and chofe elective dukes. One of them, Thomas Fregoffa, refigned it in 1421 to the Duke of Milan. In 1435 theGenoese recovered their liberCty; and were governed by their dukes till 1458, that they recalled the French; whom they drove out again three years after. For three years more they were governed by feven facceffive dukes. Then they fubmitted again to the dukes of Milan. They fhook them off again in 1478. After which, they were governed by dukes of their own till 1488, that they fubmitted again to the Dukes of Mi Lan. Lewis XII. of France took this town in 1499. It revolted in HE territory of Genoa compré-1506; but was retaken fword in hand hends the country antiently by the French king that fame year, called Liguria Maritima; it was pof- when the people cried for mergy, feffed by the Romans, by right of which was granted. The French king conqueft. On the ruin of their em- placed a governor there; but they pire it fell into the hands of the Lon- drove him out in 1512, and chofe a gobards or Lombards; and when their duke, whom the French drove out kingdom was ruined by Charlemagne, next year. In a month after they it fubmitted to him and his fucceffors; were again expelled, but foon restored till in 1099 the inhabitants threw off by means of Oavian Fregofa, who the yoke of foreigners, and the city governed them till 1522, when he chofe confuls to govern their republick. was drove out by the Marquis de PefThis is the æra from whence they cara, general for the emperor date their liberty, and whence it ap Charles V. pears, that this commonwealth is near 650 years old; They have, however, changed their government often, and more frequently their mafters. They have been many times fubdued'; fometimes reduced almoft to the con- H dition of flaves; but fooner or later they have fhook off the yoke, and recovered their liberty. TH E F G While the affairs of Genoa were in this fluctuating fituation, there was a native of that city at the head of a fmall fleet, which he fo managed as 10 caft the fcale, in Italy at least, between the two great powers of France and Spain; and though he changed fides often, yet he never changed his principle of love to his country. This was A B was the great and good Andrew Do- C E But in the first night of 1547, the young Count of Lavagna at once made himself master of the city, kil- F led the nephew of Doria, and feized the gallies; but flipping in the dark between two, and being heavily armed, he was drowned. On this old Doria, iffuing from his palace with a few followers, difperfed the confpirators, and restored the republick to its freedom a fecond time. The emperor advised him to build a citadel, to awe the place, and prevent fuch accidents for the future; but he declined it, and died, as he had lived, with unblemished reputation. In 1573, the old and new nobility quarrelled, which occafioned a G fedition, attended with fome acts of violence; but an agreement was brought about, which kept all things quiet till 1624; when the King of France, and the Duke of Savoy, entered into a fecret agreement to fhare the dominions of the republick between them; but a confpiracy, which was to have preceded,being discovered, the D. of Savoy was pleafed to accept of 60,000 crowns of gold, in lieu of his pretenfions. Yet in 1672 thefe were revived, and a war began, by which both parties loft confiderably; which induced them to make a peace. . From hence the Genoefe being obliged to take fome part in the affairs of Italy, were conftantly attached to the house of Auftria, who having borrowed from them large fums upon the taxes in the kingdom of Naples, had wifely bought them with their own money. This fo provoked Lewis XIV. that in 1684 he sent a squadron to bombard their city, which reduced them to fuch diftrefs, that they were obliged to fubmit to the terms prefcribed them, and to fend their doge, and four principal fenators, to beg his moft chriftian majelly's pardon, tho' they had never injured him. In the last general war they endeavoured to maintain a neutrality, in order to avoid giving offence to either party. But this fucceeded very indifferently: We took their fhips, from a perfuafion that their cargoes belonged to French merchants; and his most christian majetty Lewis XIV. declared their veffels good prize, because the Imperial officers and foldiers were tranfported in them, tho' they could not help it. At the close of that war the Genoefe purchafed the marquifate of Final, to which they always pretended a right, from the late emperor Charles VI. and the duke of Savoy, whofe troops were then in poffeffion of that country, evacuated it to them, and it was afterwards moft folemnly fecured to them by the treaty of Utrecht. No doubt this people thought themselves highly injured by the arbi trary |