Organizational Environments: Ritual and RationalitySage, 1983 - 302 頁 |
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第 1 到 3 筆結果,共 36 筆
第 253 頁
... innovation remains in the system as fashionable long enough for the neces- sary scientific justifications to be properly assembled ; frequently the research appears only after the proposed innovation is no longer on the agenda . Some ...
... innovation remains in the system as fashionable long enough for the neces- sary scientific justifications to be properly assembled ; frequently the research appears only after the proposed innovation is no longer on the agenda . Some ...
第 254 頁
... innovation system . 4. Implications for National Policy It is here assumed that responsible national policymakers have three interests : ( 1 ) a general desire , especially in American education , to encourage knowledge use and innovation ...
... innovation system . 4. Implications for National Policy It is here assumed that responsible national policymakers have three interests : ( 1 ) a general desire , especially in American education , to encourage knowledge use and innovation ...
第 255 頁
... innovation . Unfortunately , this strategy may not obtain the needed organizational support ; we need to discuss this problem . It is classically the case that bureaucratic organizations try to control and document their work - try to ...
... innovation . Unfortunately , this strategy may not obtain the needed organizational support ; we need to discuss this problem . It is classically the case that bureaucratic organizations try to control and document their work - try to ...
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administrative agencies American education authority buffer bureaucratic centralized systems centrists classroom complex conflict conformity constituencies coordination corporatism corporatist create cultural decentralized decisions decoupling defined definitions district domain educa educational organizations educational system effects elaborate elements environmental eral evaluation example external federal formal organizations formal structure fragmented functions funding groups health care highly implementation important inconsistent incorporate individual inspection institutional environments institutional rules integrated internal interorganizational field involved isomorphic knowledge and innovation large number legitimacy legitimate linkages linked loosely coupled ments Meyer and Rowan modern societies monetarization myths nizations normative occupational orga organiza organization theory organizational structure outputs political problems processes production profes professional programs Proposition rational organization relations reporting requirements RICHARD SCOTT role schools Scott sector social Sociology specific standards teachers technical technologies tend TERRENCE E theory tion tional tural types units