Elements of X-ray Diffraction |
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Page 1
Bernard Dennis Cullity. CHAPTER 1 PROPERTIES OF X - RAYS 1-1 Introduction . X - rays were discovered in 1895 by the German physicist Roentgen and were so named because their nature was unknown . at the time . Unlike ordinary light , these ...
Bernard Dennis Cullity. CHAPTER 1 PROPERTIES OF X - RAYS 1-1 Introduction . X - rays were discovered in 1895 by the German physicist Roentgen and were so named because their nature was unknown . at the time . Unlike ordinary light , these ...
Page 23
Bernard Dennis Cullity. target metal A X - rays electrons anode electrons focal spot x - rays B Reduction in apparent FIG . 1-16 . size of focal spot . FIG . 1-17 . Schematic drawings of two types of rotating anode for high - power X - ray ...
Bernard Dennis Cullity. target metal A X - rays electrons anode electrons focal spot x - rays B Reduction in apparent FIG . 1-16 . size of focal spot . FIG . 1-17 . Schematic drawings of two types of rotating anode for high - power X - ray ...
Page 178
... x - ray quanta can eject electrons from atoms and thus convert them into positive ions . If an x - ray beam is passed into a chamber containing a gas and two elec- trodes , one charged positively and the other negatively , then the ...
... x - ray quanta can eject electrons from atoms and thus convert them into positive ions . If an x - ray beam is passed into a chamber containing a gas and two elec- trodes , one charged positively and the other negatively , then the ...
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a₁ absorption coefficient absorption edge alloy analysis angle atomic number austenite axis back-reflection Bragg angle Bragg law Bravais lattice calculated camera circle composition constant copper atoms cos² counter cubic curve Debye ring Debye-Scherrer decrease determined diffracted beam diffraction lines diffraction pattern diffractometer direction distance electrons elements equation error example face-centered face-centered cubic factor film fluorescent fluorescent radiation given grain hexagonal incident beam indices integrated intensity lattice parameter martensite measured metal normal obtained orientation Orthorhombic parallel percent phase photograph pinhole pole figure position powder pattern produced projection pulses rays reciprocal lattice reciprocal-lattice reflecting planes relative residual stress rhombohedral rotation sample scattering shown in Fig sin² slit solid solution spacing specimen spectrometer sphere spot stereographic substance surface temperature tetragonal thickness tion transmission twin unit cell values vector voltage wave wavelength x-ray diffraction x-ray method x-ray tube zero zone