Groupthink: Psychological Studies of Policy Decisions and FiascoesGroupthink - the psychological drive for consensus at any cost that suppresses disagreement and prevents the appraisal of alternatives in cohesive decision-making groups. In the first edition (Victims of groupthink), Iriving L. Janis showed how this phenomenon contributed to some of the major U.S. foreign policy fiascos of recent decades: the Korean War stalemate, the escalation of the Vietnam War, the failure to be prepared for the attack on Pearl Harbor, and the Bay of Pigs blunder. He also examined cases, such as the handling of the Cuban Missile Crisis and the formulation of the Marshall Plan, where groupthink was avoided. Here, in this revised and expanded edition, Janis applies his hypothesis to the Watergate cover-up, portraying in detail how groupthink helped to put the participants on a disastrous couurse and keep them there. In addition, he presents some fresh ideas on how and why groupthink occurs and offers suggestions for avoiding it. |
From inside the book
Results 1-3 of 57
Page 227
... Nixon and Dean on March 13 , 1973 , when they were talking about news stories that correctly accused the White House of having hired Donald Segretti to carry out his dirty tricks in the recent election campaign . " Shit , " Nixon said ...
... Nixon and Dean on March 13 , 1973 , when they were talking about news stories that correctly accused the White House of having hired Donald Segretti to carry out his dirty tricks in the recent election campaign . " Shit , " Nixon said ...
Page 323
... Nixon's decision resulting in " the Saturday night massacre , " see White , 257-268 . For a description of the hypervigilant pattern of decision - making , see Janis and Mann , 59-61 and 245-246 . " Haldeman and Ehrlichman . . . rather ...
... Nixon's decision resulting in " the Saturday night massacre , " see White , 257-268 . For a description of the hypervigilant pattern of decision - making , see Janis and Mann , 59-61 and 245-246 . " Haldeman and Ehrlichman . . . rather ...
Page 324
... Nixon's diary entry on Dic- tabelt recorded March 21 , 1973 , quoted by White , 201-202 ; italics added . Addi- tional sentences in this diary entry are quoted by Nixon , 799-800 . " out of compassion " : Transcript , March 22 , 1973 ...
... Nixon's diary entry on Dic- tabelt recorded March 21 , 1973 , quoted by White , 201-202 ; italics added . Addi- tional sentences in this diary entry are quoted by Nixon , 799-800 . " out of compassion " : Transcript , March 22 , 1973 ...
Contents
Why So Many Miscalculations? | 2 |
The Bay of Pigs | 14 |
The Wrong | 48 |
Copyright | |
5 other sections not shown
Other editions - View all
Common terms and phrases
Acheson administration Admiral Kimmel advisers advisory group alternative American assumptions attack avoid Bay of Pigs bombing Castro Chiefs of Staff Chinese cohesive group Communist concurrence-seeking consensus course of action critical Cuba Cuban missile crisis danger Dean Defense deliberations discussion effect Ehrlichman enemy evidence Executive Committee expected fiasco forces group dynamics groupthink hypothesis groupthink syndrome groupthink tendencies Haldeman Hawaii Ibid in-group inner circle invasion plan issues Japanese Johnson Joint Chiefs judgment Kennan Kennedy's Korean War leader major Marshall Marshall Plan McNamara meetings military moral naval Navy group Nixon norms North Korea North Vietnam officers participants Pearl Harbor Pentagon Papers policy-making group political present President Kennedy President's pressures problem procedures psychological questions responsible risks Robert Kennedy role Rusk Schlesinger Secretary shared sion social Soviet Union stereotypes stress symptoms of groupthink thinking threat tion transcripts Truman Vietnam Vietnam War warning Watergate cover-up White House group Wohlstetter