WIRTEMBERG.

No statistics of education have been furnished by the government, but Her Majesty's Minister at Stuttgardt has sent the following abstract of the law.

Each locality, comprising 30 families, is compelled by law to have a primary school.

Localities containing a population of less than 30 families, are compelled by law to unite with a neighbouring locality in the establishment of a school.

If the neighbouring locality is at a distance of more than 2 English miles, or the road thereto dangerous, then the Government Committee of Education can decree the establishment of a separate school even for 15 families.

If in a community of different religious confessions the minority comprises 60 families, they may claim the establishment and sup port of a school of their own confession at the expense of the whole community. The expenses to be paid by the whole community, without regard to religious confessions, and by each individual in proportion to the amount of taxes paid by him. In poor communities the government contributes in part towards the salary of the schoolmaster and repairs of the school.

The salaries of the schoolmaster are in places containing 4000 inhabitants 350 florins, and house rent; in places containing less than 4000 and more than 2000 inhabitants, 300 florins, and houserent. In a school where more than 60 scholars attend, 250 florins, and house-rent. In a school where less than 60 scholars attend, 200 florins, and house-rent.

A proposal has been lately laid before the Chambers, authorizing the government to raise the salaries of the two classes of schoolmasters last named.

Second schoolmasters receive a salary of 150 florins, and are allowed one room and fuel.

An assistant schoolmaster (candidate) receives a salary of 120 florins.

In a school where the number of scholars exceeds 90, two schoolmasters are allowed; if more than 180 scholars, three schoolmasters; if more than 270 scholars, four schoolmasters, and so on in proportion.

The school hours are,

In summer 4 hours per day;

In winter 6 hours per day.

The school is under the inspection of the clergyman of the confession to which the schoolmaster belongs, and under the control of the presbytery.

There is in each district a special school inspector, who is a clergyman.

The visitation of the schools is made by the school inspector of the district, the clergyman, and the presbytery of the community. The attendance of every child at the primary school is compulsory, unless he frequents a superior school, or receives private instruction, such as he would obtain at the primary school.

It is compulsory upon parents, guardians, &c.: should they forbid the children's attendance at the school, or not allow their receiving private instruction, they subject themselves to a fine, and even imprisonment; and if afterwards they should still refuse to allow the children to attend the school, then the police is requested to adopt such measures as will compel the children to visit the school.

If a child, by reason of health or otherwise, is unable to attend the public school, then the parents or guardians are obliged to see that he receive private instruction, and, if unable to pay for it, the community is obliged to supply the means.

Children who have not frequented the primary schools, are equally obliged to attend the public examinations.

BAVARIA.

The Bavarian government has kindly furnished Her Majesty's Minister at Munich with unpublished tables, containing the statistics of public instruction in that kingdom, as late as the year 1844. The system followed is best illustrated by the tables themselves, which are accompanied by no remarks. Elementary education is given in the German schools, of which the following is the report for 1844.

Number of Scholars in Day-183,641 186,102 90,697 92,529 1,637 1,633

Schools

In Holiday and Sunday-136,477 146,007 40,876 42,595

Schools

708

847

The population of Bavaria being 4,250,000 souls, it follows that 1 in 7 attended the day-schools, and 1 in 5 a school of some kind in which elementary instruction is given; but the attendance at all the schools shows a greater proportion of instructed, being little under 1 in 4 of the population.

A complete system of inspection is established throughout Bavaria; the reports of the inspectors including not only the number and proficiency of the scholars, but also the conduct of the teachers, the state of the buildings, and the nature and extent of the funds available. Every school ought to be provided with a small nursery garden, that the children may learn the mode of treating trees and plants. Out of 6065 German schools, it appears, from the reports, that 5284 actually had nursery grounds attached to them.

It is necessary in Bavaria, before admission can be obtained into any higher school, to have passed a satisfactory examination in the lower school. Not only must all candidates for offices under the State pass examinations, but examinations are held of apprentices in trade, who wish to become masters, and even of officers in the army on promotion.

GRAND DUCHY OF BADEN.

The Grand Duchy of Baden has furnished no statistical returns illustrating the state of popular instruction in that country; but a volume of laws and ordinances respecting schools has been sent, which affords a complete view of the system adopted in one of the most advanced constitutional states of Germany. As the principle is almost the same which is followed throughout Germany, Denmark, and Holland, we give a condensed analysis of the plan upon which the primary schools are organized. It may be remarked, that in Baden the care of the schools is not confided to the authorities who have the charge of church affairs, as is the case in Prussia. The department of education is under the direction of the Minister of the Interior in Baden. But the local school authority is commonly a parochial committee, consisting of clergy and laymen combined.

An ordinance of 1834 states the subjects on which instruction is to be given in the primary schools.

1. Religion.

2. German language.

3. Writing.

4. Arithmetic.

5. Singing.

6. General instruction on subjects of natural history, natural philosophy, geography, and geometry; also

on points appertaining to health and to farming.

7. Where there are sufficient means drawing is to be taught.

The last-named subjects are to be treated in such a manner that the more essential first five points are not to suffer by the attention bestowed upon them.

Of Inspection. The parish clergyman is the regular school Inspector. Where there are clergymen of different confessions, each clergyman inspects the schools of his church. Where a School Board is constituted, as stated below, the Board elects an Inspector. The Jews' schools are included in this regulation. The Inspector keeps a diary in which he enters the result of all his visits. He has also the charge of seeing that the school plan of instruction is followed. The clergyman, whether an Inspector or not, is bound twice a-week to give instruction in religion at the school.

The School Authorities consist, in places where there are schools,

of the

Inspector as chairman;

The mayor or headborough;

The vestry of the parish, amongst Protestants; the trus tees of foundations in Catholic communities; and the directors of synagogues in Jewish communities.

The teachers are, if possible, to be present at the deliberations of the authorities.

In large towns the Education Department can appoint a Board to take charge of all the schools, or of any separate school in the place. Where there is a mixture of confessions and creeds, the school must be placed under a separate Board.

Visitors. One of the clergy of the district is to be appointed for six years as Visitor by the Education Department. Where there are but few schools of any one confession, a Visitor can be named for several districts. The Visitor also inspects the schools of Jewish persuasion.

The Roman Catholic Archbishop has control jointly with the Education Department over the religious instruction in Roman Catholic schools.

The County Authorities are to be consulted respecting the founding of a new school, or the suppression of an old one; also, respect ing changes in the appointment of masters, and in the nomination of the School Board of Special Inspectors and of Visitors.

Children whose sixth year terminates between the 23rd of April