Polymer Networks: Structure and Mechanical PropertiesA. Chompff For several decades, polymer science has sought to rationalize the mechanical and thermodynamic properties of polymer networks largely within the framework of statistical thermodynamics. Much of this effort has been directed toward the rubbery rather than the glassy state. It is generally assumed that networks possess an av erage composition to which average properties may be assigned; from such a continuum view, a powerful analysis of such properties as modulus, swelling, birefringence and thermoelasticity has emerged. In the years following the rise of polymer characterization (the late 40's and early 50's), many scientists began to study ap parent relations between the properties of linear polymer molecules and the networks obtainable therefrom. This search was also stimu lated by the wide range of applications of polymer networks in com mercial elastomers, thermosets and coatings. Frequently, these data were confidently matched with curves obtained from statisti cally describable models of networks of ghost chains, uniformly distributed in space. More recently, it has become apparent that polymer chains in networks are not as ideal as assumed in the formulation of statis tical models, and there has been a shift in emphasis towards the less than ideal, perturbed and possibly inhomogeneous networks which are more frequently encountered in practice. The continuum approach, however, had to be developed before inhomogeneous systems could be described; the present volume, therefore, contains both views. |
Contents
1 | |
On the Thermostatic Behavior of Elastomers | 23 |
Thermoelasticity of Crosslinked Rubber Networks | 47 |
The Micromechanics of Elastomer Networks | 57 |
The Statistical Mechanics of Rubbers | 83 |
The Rupture Work of Crosslinked Polymers | 111 |
Intermolecular Forces in Polymers and Liquids | 121 |
Glass Points of Polymer Networks | 145 |
The Swelling of Nonuniformly Crosslinked Polymers | 261 |
Birefringence Analysis of Inhomogeneous Swelling | 273 |
Depolarized Light Scattering from SwollenFilled | 293 |
Light Scattering as a Tool in the Characterization | 307 |
Light Scattering by Polymer Networks | 323 |
The StressStrain Behavior of Mechanically | 341 |
A Constitutive Representation of Inhomogeneous | 395 |
Molecular Bond Rupture Associated with Inelastic | 409 |
23 | 154 |
47 | 163 |
The Interaction Between Polymeric Structure Deformation | 193 |
Properties of a Highly Crosslinked Elastomer | 219 |
Inhomogeneities Induced by Crosslinking in the Course | 245 |
Morphology and Mechanical Behavior | 435 |
Synthesis and Properties of Interpenetrating | 451 |
479 | |
488 | |
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Common terms and phrases
angle anisotropy behavior birefringence branch points calculated chain ends Chem chemical component composition constant constitutive equation copolymers correlation crosslink density crosslinking agent curve deformation degree dependence diluent dynes/cm² effect elastic elastomer elements equilibrium experimental extension ratios failure Figure fraction fracture function Galcit Gaussian gel point given highly crosslinked homogeneous Hycar increasing inhomogeneous integration interaction IPN's light scattering linear elastic linear viscoelastic macromolecules material matrix measurements mechanical methacrylate molecular weight molecules monomer Mullins natural rubber network chains non-linear obtained orientation parameters phase separation Phys plane plastic PMMA poly polymer chains polymer networks Polymer Sci polymeric prepolymer prestrain properties R. S. Stein radius reaction refractive index regions sample segments shown stoichiometry strain energy Strain Input strain tensor stress stress-strain structure styrene surface swelling swollen temperature tensile strength theoretical theory tion values viscoelastic zero