Groupthink: Psychological Studies of Policy Decisions and FiascoesGroupthink - the psychological drive for consensus at any cost that suppresses disagreement and prevents the appraisal of alternatives in cohesive decision-making groups. In the first edition (Victims of groupthink), Iriving L. Janis showed how this phenomenon contributed to some of the major U.S. foreign policy fiascos of recent decades: the Korean War stalemate, the escalation of the Vietnam War, the failure to be prepared for the attack on Pearl Harbor, and the Bay of Pigs blunder. He also examined cases, such as the handling of the Cuban Missile Crisis and the formulation of the Marshall Plan, where groupthink was avoided. Here, in this revised and expanded edition, Janis applies his hypothesis to the Watergate cover-up, portraying in detail how groupthink helped to put the participants on a disastrous couurse and keep them there. In addition, he presents some fresh ideas on how and why groupthink occurs and offers suggestions for avoiding it. |
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Page 224
explained away as having been donated “out of compassion,” and besides, Dean
(and Haldeman) did not personally handle the payments. At one point, however,
Haldeman makes a revealing slip of speech as heis attempting to add yet ...
explained away as having been donated “out of compassion,” and besides, Dean
(and Haldeman) did not personally handle the payments. At one point, however,
Haldeman makes a revealing slip of speech as heis attempting to add yet ...
Page 228
Nixon must have been at least vaguely aware of the potential danger because he
once suggested to Haldeman, about three months before the existence of the
tapes was revealed at the Senate Watergate Committee hearings in July 1973, ...
Nixon must have been at least vaguely aware of the potential danger because he
once suggested to Haldeman, about three months before the existence of the
tapes was revealed at the Senate Watergate Committee hearings in July 1973, ...
Page 324
“Haldeman . . . we're under rules . . . can't go fishing . . .”: Ibid. “What we're fighting
. . . battle”: Transcript, March 22, 1973, P.M. Dean's decision to save his “own ass”
: Dean, 229–233. Dean's feeling that he was being set up to be the next fall ...
“Haldeman . . . we're under rules . . . can't go fishing . . .”: Ibid. “What we're fighting
. . . battle”: Transcript, March 22, 1973, P.M. Dean's decision to save his “own ass”
: Dean, 229–233. Dean's feeling that he was being set up to be the next fall ...
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Contents
Or Why the Fortress Slept | 72 |
The Cuban Missile Crisis | 132 |
The Making of the Marshall Plan | 159 |
Copyright | |
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Common terms and phrases
accepted according action administration Admiral advisers alternative American appears asked assumptions attack avoid Bay of Pigs become called Chiefs cohesive Committee concerning consensus consequences continued course cover-up crisis critical Cuba Cuban danger Dean decision decision-making Defense deliberations Department direct discussion effect evidence example Executive expected fact factors feel fiasco forces give going groupthink Haldeman invasion involved issues Japanese Johnson judgment Kennedy leader leading major March meetings military missile moral Nixon norms North objections officers operation participants Pearl Harbor policy-making political position possible present President pressures probably problem procedures proposed questions responsible result risks role says Secretary seems Senator shared social Soviet staff stress strong suggested symptoms of groupthink thinking threat tion transcripts Truman United Vietnam warning Watergate White House
References to this book
Bibliographic information
| Title | Groupthink: Psychological Studies of Policy Decisions and Fiascoes |
| Author | Irving Lester Janis |
| Edition | 2, illustrated, revised |
| Publisher | Houghton Mifflin, 1982 |
| Original from | the University of California |
| Digitized | 30 Jan 2007 |
| ISBN | 0395317045, 9780395317044 |
| Length | 349 pages |
| Subjects | › Psychology / Social Psychology |
| Export Citation | BiBTeX EndNote RefMan |