A History of Italy, 1700-1860: The Social Constraints of Political Change

accept achieved administrative agricultural army assembly asserted attempt Austrian Austrian empire Bourbon Buonarroti carboneria Catholic Cattaneo Cavour central Italy Charles Albert Church Cisalpine republic cities civil constitution countryside created demands democrats despite dominated duchy ecclesiastical economic empire Enlightenment Europe European exiles feudal forced foreign France French Garibaldi Genoa Gioberti groups hopes hostility increased independence industry influence initiative insurrection intellectuals Italian Italy's Jacobins Jansenists Jesuits king kingdom of Naples land landowners liberal liberty Lombardy major Mazzini Mazzinian Melzi middle classes Milan military minister Modena moderates Napoleon Neapolitan nobles opposition Papal Paris Parma patriots peasants physiocratic Piedmont Piedmontese Pietro Verri Pius political popular population princes progress proposals provinces reforms remained republican Restoration revival revolution revolutionary rising Rome rulers Russia Sardinia sects Sicilian Sicily social society Spanish taxes tion trade traditional Turin Tuscany unity urban Venetian Venice Verri Vienna wrote