3 44 8 42 273 29 F 5 55 9 565 45 4 99 26 274130 S 15 56 10 15 5 44 4 3210 9

9 36 5 47

4 37

5 45.3

SEPTEMBER.

4 4 II 211 23 6.5

16.4

05.8 615.6

(Per., 14d. 11h. A.M. (Apo., 26d. 10h.A.M.

2 02 A.M.

rises

9 54 P.M. Antares sets. 2 47 A.M. oc Saturn 9 32 P.M. 2 sets.

8

43 P.M. Altair South 9 06 P.M. 7✶ rise. 10 49 P.M. Ó Y C.

606 A.M. in Aph. 11 07 P.M. h South. 11 29 P.M. Fomalhaut S 158 A.M. 2 07 A.M. 7- P.M. 3 49 A.M. 8 27 A.M.HC. 804 P.M.SC. Eclipsed invis.

rises. A in Aph. sets. ? a.

A.M. gr. el. E. 6 22 P.M. C. 2A.M. rises. 10 17 P.M. h South. Autumn com.

33 6.36 20 A.M. gr. el. W. 1 19 6.1 4 40 A.M. & rises. 8 20 P.M. 4 sets, 9 19 A.M. H South. 7 44 P.M. 7✶ rise. 4 O P.M. gr.Hel. Lat. 138 A.M.VS. [South. 6 29 A.M. he.

75-3

ORIENTAL CALENDARS. CHINA. The Chinese civil year is lunar, and consists of twelve months of twenty-nine and thirty days alternately. In every three years a thirteenth month is added, to accommodate the variations of the solar and lunar years. But this is not entirely effected by such an arrangement, consequently the Chinese have a cycle of sixty years, in which period twenty-two intercalary months occur. The superstitions of that nation render the almanac of the utmost importance, as it contains a statement of "lucky and unlucky days," in a manner somewhat resembling the impudent impostures of the same kind sold in our country. The year is divided into twenty-four periods, corresponding to the position of the sun at its entrance into and at the middle of each sign of the Zodiac. The Chinese day consists of twelve parts or watches, called Shin, each equal to two hours of our reckoning. They begin at 11 o'clock

parts, called Ke, equivalent to fifteen minutes of our time. A singular method of reckoning in China is that of using sticks made of clay and sawdust, which, by their gradual burning away, measure hours or days.

JAPAN. As in China, the almanac is one of the most important works published in Japan. The year is divided into twelve months, corresponding to the twelve signs of the Zodiac. The months, however, vary in length, and the mikado or religious emperor, assigns the necessary intercalary days, and the months that have to be added to accommodate the variation of the solar and lunar years. The division of daily time is effected in a curious manner, a peculiar sacredness attaching to the number nine.

HINDU. In this calendar, the luni-solar year is employed for the regulation of festivals and domestic arrangements. The year commences at the instant of the conjunction of the sun and moon in the sidereal month Chaitra. The month consists of thirty Tithis or lunar days, and is divided into two equal parts of fifteen Tithis each, corresponding with the increase and decrease of the moon in regard to its brightness; but in dif ferent parts of India variations of this method occur, to make up deficiencies, etc. that arise in the annual or successive annual calendar in regard to intercalary days.

"

15.

Jupiter 60
Saturn close south"

27.

ABIDING WORDS OF GREAT MEN.-"What we know is little; what we do not know is immense." -La Place. "I have been as a child by the seashore, gathering here a shell and there a pebble; whilst the great ocean of truth lay unexplored before me." "-Newton. "Around me is darkness, but beyond there is light."-Milton.

RURAL WALKS.-If we wish rural walks to do our children any good, we must give them a love for rural sights; an object in every walk; we must teach them-and we can teach themto find wonder in every insect, sublimity in every hedge-row, the records of past worlds in every pebble, and boundless fertility upon the barren shore; and so, by teaching them to make full use of that limited sphere in which they now are, make them faithful in few things, that they may be fit hereafter to be rulers over much.Chas. Kingsley.

TO-MORROW.-The day on which idle men work, and fools give up their folly, and sinners repent and believe, and reform their character and life!

THE PHILADelphia LedgER was one of the pioneer penny papers of the country and is one of the few established thirty or forty years ago that still live. During the war the high rate of wages, the expense of collecting news and the great advance of the price of paper ruined most of the penny papers. It was at this critical time that Mr. George W. Childs, the present proprietor of the Ledger, purchased the establishment, infused new life into its columns, rejected all questionable advertisements, secured able writers and raised the rates of both advertisements and paper to meet the greatly increased expenditures. It took a brave man to inaugurate all of these reforms in so conservative a city as Philadelphia, but Mr. Childs was a gentleman of insight and sagacity; he made a newspaper adapted to the needs of the great middling interests of the community, and it was a necessity they could not do without. The result has been that the Ledger has become an established favorite, and is now one of the most prosperous papers in the country. - Evening Transcript, Boston.

PHILADELPHIA CHRONOLOGY

FOR 1874-5.

1874, November 21. Manayunk and Roxborough inclined railway opened.

November 26. John Doran died at the Second District station-house. Verdict of the coroner's jury that he came to his death from violence by being pushed or knocked down by Charles H. Sulby, a policeman.

December 2. Citizens' (State) Bank suspended payment. Assets, $191,547; liabilities, including capital, $207,561.

John McArthur offered the position of supervising architect, Treasury Department, U. S., which he declined.

-December 3. City tax rate fixed at $1.90 and special tax for public buildings at 25 cents per $100 of assessed valuation.

December 5. Hawley & Ritter, publishers of the Reading Eagle, sentenced to pay a fine of $1000 for libel on Mr. and Mrs. Christian K. Ross, parents of the abducted boy, Charles Brewster Ross.

December 8. Fiftieth anniversary of the Philadelphia conference of Baptist ministers celebrated at the Blockley Baptist Church.

December 9. Wm. D. Halfman, of Central Fire Insurance Company, convicted of uttering forged certificates and bonds to be used as assets of the company. Charles Ripley convicted of the forgery.

December 12. John C. Cresson, Chief Engineer of Fairmount Park, resigned on account of ill health.

December 14. William Mosher and Joseph Clark, abductors of Charles Brewster Ross, shot and killed while attempting burglary at the residence of Judge Van Brunt, at Bay Ridge, Long Island.

December 23. Mr. C. K. Ross offered a reward of $5000, "and no questions asked," for the return of his child, Charley Ross.

December 27. Paul Flanagan died from a wound in the head received on Christmas Eve. The coroner's jury found that the blow was struck by Robert McKenna, who was convicted of manslaughter March 23d, and sentenced to two years' imprisonment.

December 31. Samuel Marter died from the effects of a blow received in a fight with Wm. Thomas, who was tried April 27th, and acquitted.

1875, January 1. Hon. Wm. S. Stokley inaugurated Mayor of Philadelphia for his second term, ending Dec. 31, 1877.

January 4. City councils organized. R. W. Downing, president of Select Council; J. Wilson Henszey of Common Council.

- District Court adjourned sine die. Four Courts of Common Pleas and new Orphans' Court organized. January 10. 40 below zero. street wharf.

Thermometer marked from 20 to
Delaware frozen over above Noble

January 12. Fiftieth anniversary of the pastorate of Rev. W. H. Furness celebrated at the Unitarian Church, Tenth and Locust streets.

January 13. United States Potters' Association formed by crockery manufacturers at the Merchants' Hotel.

January 14. Hon. Craig Biddle sworn in as Judge of Common Pleas Court No. 1.

January 20. Frederick Heidenblut executed for the murder of Godfrey Kuhnle, a German baker, December 31, 1873.

January 22. Wm. Cregar, a noted counterfeiter, pardoned by President Grant, on the ground that his last conviction had been secured by perjury on the part of his relatives and pretended friends. January 25. Frank McSorley died of injuries received while wrestling with Joseph Holdcroft. The latter was acquitted March 25th. February 8. Steam-tug Hudson cut through by ice and sunk in the Delaware.

February 15. Solomon Spyer, convicted of killing George Howe in the insane department of the Almshouse, sentenced to the State lunatic asylum.

-The Supreme Court refused to grant an injunction preventing the negotiation of a gas loan of $1,000,000 and of a sewer loan of $1,000,000.

February 16. Magisterial election. Average vote for Republican candidates endorsed by Reform Association, 50,193; for Republicans not so endorsed, 43,554. Average vote for Democratic candidates endorsed by Reform Association, 37,835 for Democrats not so endorsed, 30,960; for Reform candidates, 14,578. Highest vote for Republican not endorsed, 44,494; lowest, 41,395; highest for Democrat not endorsed, 34,350; lowest, 27,759 highest for Reform candidate not on other tickets, 18,816; lowest, 10,873.

February 17. Christiana C. Zach, charged with the murder of her babe, Nov. 14, 1874, found to be insane, and sent to State lunatic asylum.

February 19. Time of opening Centennial Exposition changed to May icth, and of closing to November 10th, 1876.

February 22. Washington's Birthday. Centennial Assembly opened at Academy of Music and Horticultural Hall.

February 23. Wm. Williams, colored, convicted of manslaughter in killing Benjamin Taylor, colored, August 14, 1874. Sentenced to three years' imprisonment.

February 25-26. Great flood in the Schuylkill, doing great damage to the mills at Manayunk. 3000 men thrown out of work.

February 27. George Waltz convicted of manslaughter in killing Stewart Jamison in October, 1874.

February 28. Dominic Romando killed by Isidore Romando, his cousin. The latter was convicted of murder in the second degree, and sentenced, June 5th, to three years in the Eastern Penitentiary.

March 6. John L. Hill succeeded Mahlon H. Dickinson as Chief Commissioner of Highways.

-Court of Common Pleas entered final decree creating the thirtieth and thirty-first wards from parts of the twenty-sixth and nineteenth, respectively.

Report of the jury of view against opening Twenty-second street through the Girard College grounds confirmed. March 13.

First number of Colonel A. K. McClure's paper, The Times, published, March 17. St. Patrick's day. Parade of Roman Catholic societies.

March 20. Leonard F. Dunn found dead in bed at 105 Callowhill street. Frank Harper was committed by the coroner for the murder, and George Cook as accessory.

April 7. First Regiment N. G., Col. R. Dale Benson, ordered to Pottsville to prevent riots