Commandant-Major J. J. Dana, Assistant Quartermaster-General, U. S. A. FOREIGN CONSULS AT PHILADELPHIA. Colombia, U. S. of, Leon de la Cova, 218 Walnut. Denmark, F. Myhlertz, 730 N. Twentieth. France, Celestin Auguste Ravin d'Elpeux, vice-consul, 1011 Spruce. German Empire, Charles H. Meyer, 227 Chest nut. Great Britain, Charles Edward K. Kortright, consul; George Crump, vice-consul, 619 Walnut. Hungary, Lars Westergaard, 138 S. Second, Italy, Goffredo Galli, 261 S. Fourth. Liberia, Edward S. Morris, 129 S. Front. Netherlands, Lars Westergaard, 138 S. Second. Nicaragua, Henry C. Potter, 260 S. Ninth. Orange Free State, South Africa, Henry W. Riley, 602 Arch. Portugal, Edward S. Sayres, 268 S. Third. Russia, Henry Preaut, vice-consul, 500 S. Del Biennial sessions of legislature and elections in even years-as 1876-78, etc.-in Kentucky, Missouri, North Carolina, Oregon and Vermont. Biennial sessions in even years (elections in the years immediately preceding) in Arkansas, Iowa, Maryland and Ohio. Biennial sessions and elections in odd years as 1877-79, etc.-in California, Tennessee and Virginia. Biennial sessions in odd years (elections in the years immediately preceding) in Pennsylvania, Delaware, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Michigan, Nebraska, Nevada, Tennessee and Texas. TERRITORIES. 1879 10000 1 Tu. Jan. 1877 1000 May & Jan. Jan. 1879 4000 4 M. Nov. 1879 30001 M. Jan. 1878 5000 2 Tu. Jan. 1877 10001 W. Oct. 1 Tu. Sept. 1878 50001 M. Dec. 1881 2700 2 W. Jan. Jan. 1878 50001 W. Jan. Boisé City...... Mason Brayman. Helena. Benj. F. Potts. Santa Fé...... S. B. Axtell. Salt Lake City Geo. W. Emory. Washington. Olympia. .......... Elisha P. Ferry. Wyoming.... Clieyenne.......John M. Thayer. and comprehensive manner, and it discusses all questions in the fairest, most liberal and most intelligent manner. Its circulation is larger than ever before, reaching close to one hundred thousand copies daily. We rejoice at all the evidences of its prosperity, for it typifies the prosperity of Philadelphia.-Philadelphia Evening Bulle THE Public Ledger appeared this morning in a handsome dress and greatly enlarged, one column being added to each page. Notwithstanding this increase, it is furnished to subscribers at the low price of twelve cents a week. The Ledger was never so good a paper as it has been ever since Mr. Childs became its owner. It gives all the news of the day in a very complete | tin, March 27. In contest when Almanac went to press. THE CENTENNIAL INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION OF 1876. THE International Exhibition of Arts, Manufactures and Products of the Soil and Mine, provided for in Acts of Congress approved March 3, 1871, and June 1, 1872, providing for the appointment of the Centennial Commission and the Centennial Board of Finance, was officially opened in Fairmount Park, Philadelphia, by the President of the United States, Ulysses S. Grant, May 10, and officially closed by him, Nov. 10, 1876. It was open for pay admissions one hundred and fifty-nine days, the pay gates being closed on Sundays. In the following tables and text we present information showing the number of nations represented at the Exhibition, the amount of space oc cupied by the exhibitors of each nation, the num ber and character of the buildings erected within the Exhibition enclosure, and a detailed table of the number of admissions to the Exhibition day by day, and aggregates for the whole season. THE NATIONS REPRESENTED AT THE EXHIBITION, AND THE AMOUNTS OF SPACE OCCUPIED BY THEM IN THE PRINCIPAL BUILDINGS. NATIONS. AREA CENTENNIAL GROUNDS, 236 ACRES; LENGTH OF ENCLOSING FENCE, Argentine Republic. 2,861 Austro-Hungary 24.727 154 1,248 800 115 684 4,646 3.468 6.329 2.392 1,600 31.035 Belgium Brazil.. Canada Chili... China . Denmark.. 6,899 5,056 74 1.496 4.668 1,200 17.897 49.548 Egypt 5.026 France. Germany... 29,625 237 10,098 120 493 8,031 4.878 780 46,231 Great Britain and Ireland.... India and British Coloniest.. 126 Hawaii Islands.. 1.575 50 1,625 21,224 128 1,665 Luxemburg Grand Duchy. 247 2147 Liberia. Mexico 6.567 77 3,296 Netherlands. 15.948 Norway 6.959 1,439 3,090 Orange Free State.. 1,058 1.058 * China also occupied 1594 sq. ft. of space in the Mineral Annex to Main Building; total, 8222 sq. ft. The spaces occupied by the several British Colonies in the Main Building were as follows: India, 3208 sq. ft. ; Straits Settlements, 22 sq. ft.; South Australia, 1536 sq. ft.; Queensland, 3406 sq. ft.; New South Wales, 4213 sq. ft., and 63 sq. ft. in Carriage Annex; Victoria, 5167 sq. ft., and 330 sq. ft. in Horticultural Hall; Tasmania, 1372 sq. ft.; New Zealand, 1664 sq. ft., and go sq. ft. in Horticultural Hall; British Guiana, 344 sq. ft.; Gold Coast, 279 sq. ft. Archipelago of Seychelles, 282 sq. ft.; Trinidad, 267 sq. ft.; Jamaica, 722 sq. ft., and 320 sq. ft. in Horticultural Hall; Bahamas, 472 sq. ft.; Cape of Good Hope, 645 sq. ft.; Bermudas, 494 sq. ft., and go sq. ft. in Horticultural Hall. Total, United Kingdom in Main Building, 102,466 sq. ft.; in Carriage Building, 5208 sq. ft.; grand total, 107,674. The exhibits of Siam were installed in the United States Government Building. The United States occupied 16,143 sq. ft. in the Mineral Annexes, and 358 sq. ft. was used for offices and passage-ways. Area of the Mineral Annexes, 18,095 sq. ft. THE AUXILIARY BUILDINGS. At the time of the opening of the Exhibition there were 190 buildings within the enclosure, and before the close there were upward of 200. Of these, 101 were buildings used for exhibition purposes or for State or national headquarters. The remainder were ornamental structures and pavilions, restaurants, bazaars, boiler-houses, guard and fire-engine houses, offices, etc., used solely for the transaction of business, official or private. The dimensions of the five principal exhibition buildings are given in the preceding table. The following nations had buildings on the grounds: STATES OF THE AMERICAN UNION REPRE- STATES. Alabama.. California.. Georgia.... BUILDINGS. lowa..... 1,359 13 17,424 Kentucky. Austro-Hungary, Hungarian pavilion; Brazil, Commissioners' pavilion; Canada, log and timber house for exhibition of woods and lumber; Chili, frame structure for exhibition of models of amalgamating machinery: France, government pavilion for exhibition of illustrations and models of public works, charts, etc., 100 by 50 feet, also three individual exhibition buildings; Germany, Commissioners' pavilion; Great Britain and Ireland, three government buildings for use of Commissioners from the United Kingdom, and a boiler-house; Japan, Japanese dwelling for workmen, 102 by 48 feet, and Japanese bazaar; Morocco, Moorish villa, 17 by 23 feet, for display and sale of native products; Portugal, Commissioners' pavilion; Spain and colonies, Government exhibition building, 80 by 100 feet, and building for Spanish soldiers, also Cuban acclimation garden; Sweden, Swedish school-house, 40 by 50 feet, and meteorograph; Tunis, café and bazaar; Turkey, Turkish café, 51 by 65 feet, spongefishers' building, and numerous small bazaars under various designations; United States of America, Government building, 504 by 306 feet, area 102,840 square feet; ordnance laboratory, 53 by 23 feet: U. S. Army post hospital, 40 by 14 feet; transit of Venus buildings, including tran sit house, photographic house and equatorial house; also lighthouse and steam syren for fog signal and fog bell, and U. S. signal stations. Twenty-six States were represented by 26 build-Ohio....... ings erected either for exhibition of State products or for State headquarters, Kansas and Colorado uniting in one large building, and Pennsylvania having two buildings. Philadelphia also erected a pavilion for the accommodation of city officials. The States having separate buildings were as follows: Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Mississippi, Missouri, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Nevada, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Tennessee, Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia and Wisconsin. The following table will give an approximately correct idea of the part taken by the several States and Territories and their citizensin the Exhibition, although there were individual exhibits from citizens of the States in buildings not mentioned in this table. The space occupied by individual and collective exhibits in the Main Building and annexes and in the Horticultural grounds is given, also the space occupied by collective State exhibits in Agricultural Hall, and the dimensions of State buildings used either as State headquarters or for exhibition purposes, or both. Similar data for Machinery Hall and the Art Galleries were sought for, but could not be obtained. Minnesota.... New Hampshire North Carolina.. Oregon Tennessee....... 3,180 21 410 2,580 ***... 2,400 900 $1,256 ...... 1,400 19 677 555 2,400 288 colonies, Tunis, Japan, Egypt and Mexico. There was a separate Art Gallery in the Women's Pavilion, the wall space of which was also largely occupied by exhibits from the women of the above nations. SHOE AND LEATHER BUILDING.-This was 314 by 160 feet. Great Britain occupied 615 square feet, Germany 580 square feet and Russia 850 square feet. POMOLOGICAL BUILDING, 182 by 192 feet, used for successive exhibitions of fruits and vegetables according to season, and finally of poultry. BREWERS' HALL, for the exhibition of brewing apparatus and materials, 272 by 96 feet. FARM WAGON ANNEX to Agricultural Hall, 144 by 196 feet. SAW MILL ANNEX to Machinery Hall, 276 by 80 feet. MACHINE SHOPS AND BOILER HOUSES, annexes to Machinery Hall. CAR HOUSE, for the exhibition of railroad freight cars, 140 by 44 feet. BUTTER AND CHEESE FACTORY, annex to Agricultural Hall, 100 by 116 feet. Occupied jointly by exhibitors of dairy products from the United States and Canada. THE STOCK YARDS.-As an auxiliary to the agricultural exhibits, an area of 20 acres at Belmont and Girard avenues was enclosed, in which successive exhibits were made of horses and dogs, sheep, goats and swine, and horned cattle. The exhibits were almost wholly from the United States and Canada. PRIVATE EXHIBITION BuildingS.-There were thirty or more exhibition buildings erected on the grounds by individual exhibitors from the United States, some of them scarcely inferior in interest to the principal buildings mentioned above. Among them were the following: The Empire Transportation Company's Building, 70 by 60 feet, showing by models the method of transporting oil from the wells, also represented by models, and of transporting grain by the system known as "fast freight;" Telegraphic building, for the exhibition and use of telegraph instruments and appliances; American Fusee Company's Building, for the exhibition and sale of patent matches; Klautscheck, Thomas & Stuart's Glass Magazine, 40 by 40 feet, for the exhibition of plate and window glass, glass shades and ornamental glass-ware; American Bible Society's Pavilion, for the exhibition and sale of Bibles printed in all languages; Singer Sewing Machine Building, 81 by 56 feet, for the exhibition of sewing machines; Bankers' Exhibition Building, for the exhibition of coins and currency and for social purposes; the American Kindergarten and Frobel's Kindergarten, for the exhibition of systems of Kindergarten instruction and the models and appliances used therein; Fuller, Warren & Co.'s Stove Building, 60 by 45 feet, and the Liberty Stove Works Building (Charles Noble & Co., Philadelphia), 45 by 34 feet, for the exhibition of stoves, ranges, heaters, etc.; Gillinder & Son's Glassware Building, 60 by 96 feet, showing the entire operation of manufacturing glass, hollow-ware, etc.; St. Cecilian organs (T. C. Knauff, Philadelphia), for the exhibition of miniature organs, and of clocks made in 1676, 1776 and 1876; Campbell Printing Press Building, 88 by 144 feet, for the exhibition of a complete newspaper office, presses, etc.; Averill Chemical Paint Company's Building, 36 by 42 feet, for the exhibition of ready mixed paints; Ehret's Water-Proof Roofing Building for the display of fire and wates proof roofing; Fire-Proof Ventilated Building, 13 by 13 feet, built of hollow bricks; Pressed Fuel Company's Building for the exhibition of Lo seau's pressed fuel; Sheet Metal Pavilion, za by 40 feet, built of sheet metal, for the display of galvanized and leaded sheets, cornices, mouldings, etc.; Schuyler & Armstrong's and S. Stein's Burial Casket Building for the exhibition of the Stein Burial Casket, shrouds, etc.: two small buildings, one for the exhibition of perforated metal window shutters, etc., and the other for the exhi bition of rubber roofing: New England Farmer's Home and Kitchen, representing a New England farmer's home 100 years ago; Tea and Coffee Press Extract Building, for the exhibition of apparatus for extracting tea and coffee and for the sale of the product; an Apiary, showing thirtytwo colonies of Italian, Corinthian and Cyprian bees at work making honey; Hay Press, for the exhibition of baling presses; the Protective Fire Apparatus Company's Building, for the display of fire extinguishers; the Official Catalogue and Newspaper Advertising Office (S. M. Pettingil! & Co.), and the American Newspaper Exhibition Building (George P. Rowell & Co.), for the exhibition of current newspapers and files of old papers, etc.; and windmills with pumping-stations erected on the hill north-east of Agricultural Hall. THE CENTENNIAL WATER WORKS. These were situated just outside of the grounds, but the two duplex pumping-engines used were exhibited by Henry R. Worthington of Brooklyn, N. Y., who furnished them free of cost as exhibits. The total quantity of water raised to an average height of 200 feet above the river from May 10 to Nov. 10, both included, was 383,865,497 United States gallons, equal to an average of 2,181,053 gallons per day of 24 hours. THE CORLISS ENGINE, which furnished the power for driving the 14 acres of machinery is Machinery Hall, was erected and exhibited by George H. Corliss of Providence, Rhode Island. The cylinders were 40 inches in diameter and to feet stroke, and it was rated at 1400 horse-power. The gear-wheel was 30 feet in diameter, 24 inches face, and had 216 teeth cut by special machinery also exhibited by Mr. Corliss. The weight of the gear-wheel was 86 tons. The crank-shaft carrying this wheel was 19 inches in diameter, and made of hammered iron. The cranks weighed over 5 tons each. The beams were 9 feet wide in the centre, 27 feet long, and weighed each 11 tons. The connecting-rods were made entirely of wornout horseshoes, to secure the best material, and over 10,000 shoes were used in their manufacture. Each was 25 feet long. The piston-rods were of steel, and each 6 inches in diameter. The weight of the entire machine with its shafts was about 70 tons. The wheel made 2,355,300 revolutions during the 159 days that the Exhibition was open, so that the periphery traveled at the rate of about 265 miles per day, or, in the whole term, 42,042 miles. Great as are these figures of distance traveled, it is a surprising fact that for every revolu tion of the great wheel four persons entered the gates. On the opening day, Dom Pedro, emperor of Brazil, and President Grant started the engine, and on the closing day, Nov. 1oth, it was stopped in response to a telegraphic signal from President Grant, then at Judges' Hall, Centennial grounds. |