Fundamentals of Statistical Thermodynamics

absolute zero according to Eq assume atoms behavior Boltzmann statistics Bose-Einstein statistics boundary parameters cal/mole Calculate Chapter chemical equilibrium classical thermodynamics component consider contribution corrected Boltzmann statistics degeneracy determine diatomic molecule differential equation discussed electronic level energy levels ensemble entropy evaluated example expression Fermi-Dirac statistics frequency Gibbs function given by Eq harmonic oscillator heat transfer hydrogen ideal gas independent particles integral internal energy irreversible mass mixture mole molecular monatomic monatomic ideal gas N₁ number of particles potential energy probable distribution problem quantity quantum mechanics quantum number relation result reversible process rigid rotator Schrödinger wave equation second law Section shown in Figure simple internal model specific heat substance substitute Eq summation tank theory thermodynamic probability thermodynamic properties total number velocity vibrational virial coefficient volume wave function x-direction әт