Fundamentals of Electromagnetism: Vacuum Electrodynamics, Media, and RelativityThe bibliography on electromagnetism is very rich and it may be necessary to justify our effort in writing a new text. The present text arose as a need when lecturing about the subject at Instituto Balseiro, in Bariloche, Argentina. We wanted to have a reference text for the most important topics covered in the course, which would also cover some aspects of interest for the applications of the concepts that the students have learned. follows one in classical mechan A course on electromagnetism usually ics. In the latter a brief introduction to the theory of relativity is normally included. During courses on electromagnetism this theory is traditionally pre sented again in brief form. This approach has the effect that, unless students later work on related topics, they do not acquire an appropriate knowledge of relativity. In this way, they lose perspective of the importance of one of the most beautiful and fascinating creations of physics in the twentieth cen tury. For this reason, we consider the properties of charges, currents and electromagnetic fields in vacuum, highlighting the relativistic transformation properties of each quantity. In spite of the advantages and elegance of the co variant formulation of electromagnetism, however, we avoid overemphasizing it. It is left for Chap. 9, where we present it after having developed vacuum electrodynamics. In this way, we minimize the risk of negatively impressing those students who are attracted to more concrete problems. |
Contents
1 Historical Perspective of Electromagnetism | 1 |
Further Reading | 11 |
2 Relativistic Kinematics | 13 |
22 Prerelativistic Observations | 14 |
221 The MichelsonMorley Experiment 18811904 | 15 |
222 The Aberration of Fixed Stars 1728 | 16 |
223 Fizeaus Experiment 1865 | 17 |
23 The Special Theory of Relativity | 18 |
74 Electromagnetic Potentials and Gauge Transformations | 135 |
741 Coulomb Gauge | 136 |
742 Lorentz Gauge | 138 |
76 Symmetries in Physics | 142 |
Problems | 143 |
References | 146 |
8 Dynamic Fields and Radiation | 147 |
81 Wave Propagation in Free Space | 148 |
24 Reference Systems and Lorentz Transformations | 20 |
242 Experiment II | 21 |
243 Experiment III | 22 |
244 Experiment IV | 24 |
25 Properties of the Lorentz Transformations | 26 |
26 Minkowski Diagrams | 28 |
27 Interpretation of Prerelativistic Experiments | 32 |
Problems | 34 |
References | 36 |
3 Relativistic Dynamics | 37 |
32 Relativistic Force Work and Energy | 39 |
33 Tensor Formulation of the Lorentz Transformations | 41 |
34 Covariant Formulation of Mechanics | 42 |
35 Relativistic Analytical Dynamics | 44 |
Problems | 48 |
References | 50 |
4 Electrostatics | 51 |
41 Properties of the Electric Charge | 52 |
42 Electric Field | 56 |
43 Electrostatic Potential | 58 |
44 Examples of Potentials and Fields Multipole Expansion | 59 |
45 Electrostatic Energy | 65 |
46 Variational Principle for Electrostatics | 69 |
47 Classical Radius of the Electron | 71 |
48 Current Relevance of Electrostatics | 72 |
483 Control of Environmental Pollution | 73 |
Problems | 74 |
References | 77 |
5 The Poisson and Laplace Equations | 79 |
52 Solution of Poissons Equation Greens Function | 81 |
53 Separation of Variables | 86 |
532 Spherical Coordinates | 89 |
54 The Finite Element Method | 92 |
Problems | 96 |
References | 99 |
Further Reading | 100 |
6 Magnetic Field | 101 |
61 Amperes Law | 102 |
62 Vector Potential The BiotSavart Law | 104 |
63 Examples of Potentials and Fields Multipole Expansion | 106 |
64 Magnetic Energy Variational Principle | 110 |
65 Induction Coefficients | 113 |
66 Symmetry Between Electrostatics and Magnetostatics | 116 |
67 Problems of Current Interest in Magnetism | 117 |
672 Isotope Separation | 118 |
674 Motors | 119 |
References | 123 |
7 Maxwells Equations | 125 |
72 Displacement Current and Maxwells Equations | 127 |
73 Symmetries of Maxwells Equations | 129 |
731 Rotations | 130 |
732 Space Reflection | 131 |
733 Charge Inversion | 133 |
734 Time Inversion | 134 |
82 Greens Function for the Wave Equation | 154 |
83 Fields of a Charge in Arbitrary Motion | 156 |
84 Radiation Fields of a Moving Charge | 158 |
85 Dipole Radiation | 163 |
86 Inadequacy of the Planetary Model of the Atom | 168 |
Problems | 169 |
References | 172 |
9 Covariant Formulation of Electromagnetism | 173 |
92 Covariant Form of the Field of Charges and Dipoles | 177 |
93 Lorentz Force and EnergyMomentum Tensor | 179 |
94 Covariant Properties of the Free Radiation Field | 180 |
95 Electromagnetic Theory of the Electron | 183 |
96 A Derivation of Maxwells Theory | 185 |
Problems | 188 |
References | 190 |
10 Fields in Material Media | 191 |
101 Macroscopic Fields | 192 |
102 Sources of the Macroscopic Fields | 198 |
103 Interfaces and Boundary Conditions | 200 |
104 Electromagnetic Energy in Material Media | 201 |
Problems | 202 |
References | 204 |
11 Linear Material Media | 205 |
112 Polarization of Spherical and Ellipsoidal Bodies | 206 |
113 Local Field in a Dielectric | 211 |
114 Linear Magnetic Media | 216 |
115 Linear Conducting Media | 219 |
116 Variational Principle for Conducting Media | 222 |
Problems | 223 |
Further Reading | 225 |
12 Waves in Material Media | 227 |
122 Waves at an Interface | 230 |
123 Waves in Conducting Media | 237 |
124 Polarization as Source of the Wave Fields | 238 |
125 General Properties of the Linear Response | 240 |
126 Lorentz Model for the Electric Susceptibility | 243 |
Problems | 247 |
References | 249 |
Further Reading | 250 |
13 Electromagnetic Theory of Superconductivity | 251 |
132 The London Theory | 256 |
133 Magnetization and HField in a Superconductor | 260 |
Sphere in a Uniform Field | 262 |
135 Flux Quantization | 264 |
136 Energy of a Superconductor in a Magnetic Field | 266 |
137 Present Relevance of Superconductivity | 269 |
References | 271 |
A The Dirac Delta Distribution | 273 |
B Legendre Polynomials and Spherical Harmonics | 275 |
C Covariant Notation and Tensor Calculus | 279 |
D Vector Identities Theorems and Operators | 283 |
E Operation of PhysicSolver | 285 |
289 | |
Other editions - View all
Common terms and phrases
according Ampère's law applied approximation associated assume atomic axis boundary conditions calculation Chap charge density charge distribution charge q classical coefficients components conductivity conductor consider coordinates corresponding covariant form d³r defined derived determined dielectric constant dipole distance dynamics electric and magnetic electric charge electric field electromagnetic fields electron ellipsoid energy expression finite flux force formulation four-vector gauge Gauss's given Green's function implies integral interface invariant Laplace's equation linear Lorentz transformations macroscopic magnetic field magnetostatics mass material media Maxwell's equations medium modulus molecule momentum motion multipole expansion obtain particle perpendicular physical PhysicSolver plane wave point charge Poisson's equation polarization Poynting vector principle problem propagation properties quantities quantum radiation fields radius reference system relation relative relativistic result satisfies solution sources space speed of light sphere spherical superconducting surface symmetry tensor theorem theory uniform vanishes vector potential velocity volume wave equation zero
References to this book
Theoretische Elektrotechnik Karl Küpfmüller,Wolfgang Mathis,Albrecht Reibiger No preview available - 2008 |
Theoretische Elektrotechnik: Eine Einführung Karl Küpfmüller,Wolfgang Mathis,Albrecht Reibiger No preview available - 2006 |