Physics at SurfacesPhysics at Surfaces is a unique graduate-level introduction to the physics and chemical physics of solid surfaces, and atoms and molecules that interact with solid surfaces. A subject of keen scientific inquiry since the last century, surface physics emerged as an independent discipline only in the late 1960s as a result of the development of ultra-high vacuum technology and high speed digital computers. With these tools, reliable experimental measurements and theoretical calculations could at last be compared. Progress in the last decade has been truly striking. This volume provides a synthesis of the entire field of surface physics from the perspective of a modern condensed matter physicist with a healthy interest in chemical physics. The exposition intertwines experiment and theory whenever possible, although there is little detailed discussion of technique. This much-needed text will be invaluable to graduate students and researchers in condensed matter physics, physical chemistry and materials science working in, or taking graduate courses in, surface science. |
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Page 7
... bulk matter, established that undisturbed macroscopic systems spontaneously approach equilibrium states that are characterized by a small number of thermodynamic variables. The logical consequences of this statement provide an essential ...
... bulk matter, established that undisturbed macroscopic systems spontaneously approach equilibrium states that are characterized by a small number of thermodynamic variables. The logical consequences of this statement provide an essential ...
Page 8
... bulk solid volume, a bulk vapor volume and a transition, or surface, volume. The remaining extensive quantities can be partitioned likewise: S -: S1 + S2 + Ss, V = V → V, -i- V., (1.6) N = N + N2 + No. Fig. 1.1. Density of a one ...
... bulk solid volume, a bulk vapor volume and a transition, or surface, volume. The remaining extensive quantities can be partitioned likewise: S -: S1 + S2 + Ss, V = V → V, -i- V., (1.6) N = N + N2 + No. Fig. 1.1. Density of a one ...
Page 9
... bulk phases. According to (1.6), once the surface volume is chosen, the other surface quantities are defined as excesses. Note that changes in the surface excess quantities are completely determined by changes in the bulk quantities ...
... bulk phases. According to (1.6), once the surface volume is chosen, the other surface quantities are defined as excesses. Note that changes in the surface excess quantities are completely determined by changes in the bulk quantities ...
Page 20
... bulk atoms. The number of surface atoms is typically of the order of N**, i.e., 10**/cm' as compared to Na = 10**/cm3 in the bulk. Hence, a small surface-derived signal rides atop a large bulk background signal. Standard methods of ...
... bulk atoms. The number of surface atoms is typically of the order of N**, i.e., 10**/cm' as compared to Na = 10**/cm3 in the bulk. Hence, a small surface-derived signal rides atop a large bulk background signal. Standard methods of ...
Page 28
... bulk, it is not that the atomic coordinates as such are of much direct interest. Rather, our concerns generally will center on electronic and magnetic properties and it is the geometrical arrangement of the surface atoms that largely ...
... bulk, it is not that the atomic coordinates as such are of much direct interest. Rather, our concerns generally will center on electronic and magnetic properties and it is the geometrical arrangement of the surface atoms that largely ...
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adatom adsorbate adsorption analysis angle band barrier beam behavior binding energy bulk calculation Chapter charge density chemical chemisorption clean surface constant coverage dangling bond desorption dielectric diffraction dipole dispersion dissociative distribution effect electronic structure electrostatic energy transfer equation equilibrium example excitation exciton experiment experimental Fermi level field frequency gas phase incident interaction ionic jellium kinetic energy lattice layer LDOS LEED magnetization measurements metal surface microscopic mode molecular molecule monolayer occurs orbital oscillator overlayer oxygen particle phase diagram phase transition phonon photoelectron photoemission physisorption plane plasmon polariton polarization potential energy quantum reaction reconstruction resonant level rotational scattering semi-infinite semiconductor solid curve solid surface spectroscopy spectrum spin sticking coefficient substrate surface atoms Surface Science surface tension symmetry temperature theory thermal tight-binding transition metal two-dimensional vacuum valence valence band vibrational wave function wave vector