SECOND NATIONAL PERIOD.

PROMINENT WRITERS.

WILLIAM DEAN HOWELLS (born 1837). Began as a writer of verse. For a number of years editor of Atlantic Monthly. "The Undiscovered Country," "A Fearful Responsibility," "A Modern Instance," and "A Woman's Reason" are among his best works, to which may be added a series of farce dramas, including "The Mouse Trap," "The Parlor Car," "The Register," etc.

HENRY JAMES (born 1843). Critic and novelist. Originated the class of fiction known as "international" or "transatlantic," and a leader of the realistic school of novelists. Author of "Daisy Miller," "The Portrait of a Lady," "The American," "French Poets and Novelists," etc.

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EDMUND CLARENCE STEDMAN (born 1833). Poet and critic. Author of "The Doorstep," "Alice of Monmouth," The Victorian Poets," "Poets of America," etc.

RICHARD HENRY STODDARD (born 1825). Poet and critic. Author of "The Late English Poets," "Loves and Heroines of the Poets," "The Dead Master," "Hymns to the Sea," etc.

THOMAS BAILEY ALDRICH (born 1836). A writer of interesting stories and lyric verse. Author of "Babie Bell," "The Face Against the Pane," and many society poems; also The Story of a Bad Boy," "Marjorie Daw and Other People," "Prudence Palfrey," "Stillwater Tragedy," etc.

RICHARD WATSON GILDER (born 1844). Editor of the Century, and writer of polished verse. First volume of poetry, "The New Day," appeared in 1875, followed by "The Celestial Passion," and "Lyrics." FRANCIS BRET HARTE (born 1838). Editor, poet, and story-teller of the Rocky Mountains. "The Heathen Chinee" acquired for its author Among his numerous works may be mentioned

immediate fame.

"The Luck of Roaring Camp," "The Outcasts of Poker Flat," Wiggles," "The Story of a Mine," "Maruja, a Novel," etc.

J. T. TROWBRIDGE (born 1827). A popular novelist and poet. Author of "Phil and His Friends," a story for boys, “Laurence's Adventures," "Coupon Bonds," etc. His best-known poems are " The Vagabonds," "The Charcoal-Man," and "Farmer John."

RICHARD GRANT WHITE (1821-1885). Shakespearian critic and scholar. Author of "Life of Shakespeare," "Words and their Uses," and "Every-Day English."

CHARLES DUDLEY WARNER (born 1829). Editor, critic, and essayist of rare humor and critical acumen. Has written "My Summer in a Garden," "Back-Log Studies," Being a Boy," and other delightful sketches.

E. P. WHIPPLE (1819-1886). Lecturer and essayist. Wrote "Literature and Life," "Character and Characteristic Men," "The Literature of the Age of Elizabeth," etc.

JOHN FISKE (born 1842). Historian and philosopher. Chief works devoted to the study of the origin and progress of the human race. Author of "The Destiny of Man," "The Idea of God," "Outlines of Cosmic Philosophy," etc.

JAMES FREEMAN CLARKE (1810-1888).

Unitarian clergyman. Author of

"Orthodoxy: its Truths and Errors,"" Ten Great Religions," and many other religious works of great excellence. In collaboration with Emerson and Channing he prepared the "Memoirs of Margaret Fuller Ossoli." EDWARD EVERETT HALE (born 1822). Essayist, lecturer, historian, and preacher. Very active in all movements of reform. Well known abroad by his short stories, as well as several longer works. Author of "The Man Without a Country," "In His Name,” “Ten Times One is Ten," etc.

FRANK R. STOCKTON (born 1834). A humorous and original writer of

short stories. Author of "The Lady or the Tiger," "Tales out of School," for children, "Rudder Grange," "The Stories of the Three Burglars," "The Hundredth Man," etc.

F. MARION CRAWFORD (born 1854). Son of an American sculptor; resides in Italy. Our most popular novelist abroad. Author of “Mr. Isaacs," "A Roman Singer," and the Saracinesca trio, including "Saracinesca," "Sant' Ilario," and "Don Orsino."

ROSE TERRY COOKE (born 1827).

Poet and story-writer. Author of “Happy Dodd,” “Somebody's Neighbors,” “The Sphinx's Children and Other People's," "Poems," etc.

MARGARET DELAND (born 1857). Author of

The Old Garden and Other Verses," "John Ward, Preacher," a popular novel dealing with theological questions, "Philip and His Wife," etc.

FRANCES HODGSON BURNETT (born 1849). A story-writer. Those most widely known are "That Lass o' Lowrie's," "A Fair Barbarian,” “Little Lord Fauntleroy," "Sara Crewe," "Editha's Burglar," etc.

HJALMER HJORTH BOYESEN (1848-1896). A writer of verse and stories of Norwegian life. Principal works are "Gunnar, a Norse Romance," Falconberg," "Ilka on the Hill-Top," etc.

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LEWIS WALLACE (born 1827). Statesman, soldier, and writer of thrilling stories. Author of "The Fair God," "The Prince of India," and

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JULIAN HAWTHORNE (born 1846). Son of the great novelist. Among his novels are "Garth," "Prince Saroni's Wife," "Fortune's Fool," 66 Dust," etc. He has also written "Confessions and Criticisms," and "Nathaniel Hawthorne and His Wife: A Biography."

EDWARD PAYSON ROE (1838-1887). Clergyman and writer of popular but commonplace novels. Among them may be mentioned "Opening a Chestnut Burr," "Barriers Burned Away," "Nature's Serial Story," etc.

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SARAH ORNE JEWETT (born 1849). Writer of stories treating chiefly of New England life and character. Some of her novels are 66 Deephaven," Old Friends and New," "Country By-Ways," "A White Heron," etc. ELIZABETH STUART PHELPS WARD (born 1844). Poet and story-writer. Among her numerous and excellent works are "Men, Women, and Ghosts," "The Story of Avis," "Old Maid's Paradise," The Gates Ajar," "Beyond the Gates," etc. CONSTANCE FENIMORE WOOLSON (1848-1894). Grandniece of Cooper, and popular writer of stories, sketches, and poems. Author of "Castle Nowhere," "Rodman the Keeper," " Anne," "East Angels," etc. GEORGE W. CABLE (born 1844). Writes of Creole life. Author of "Old Creole Days," "Madame Delphine," "Bonaventure,” “The Grandissimes," etc.

THOMAS NELSON PAGE (born 1853). A popular writer of negro-dialect stories. His best-known works are "In Ole Virginia," "Two Little Confederates," "Marse Chan," "Meh Lady," etc.

JOEL CHANDLER HARRIS (born 1848). Editor, and writer of negro folklore stories, "Uncle Remus: His Songs and His Sayings," "Nights with Uncle Remus," "Free Joe," etc.

RICHARD MALCOLM JOHNSTON (born 1822). Author of "The Dukesborough Tales," a series of short stories of Georgia "Cracker" life. MARY NOAILLES MURFREE ("CHARLES EGBERT CRADDOCK") (born 1850). Writes of the mountaineers of Tennessee. Author of "The Prophet of the Great Smoky Mountains," "In the Tennessee Mountains," In the Clouds," etc.

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EDWARD EGGLESTON (born 1837). Preacher, historian, and novelist. Author of The Hoosier Schoolmaster," "The Hoosier Schoolboy,"

"Roxy," "A History of Life in the United States," etc.

JOHN BURROUGHS (born 1837). Literary naturalist. Wrote "Wake Robin," "Winter Sunshine," "Indoor Studies," etc.

CHARLES F. BROWNE ("ARTEMUS WARD") (1834-1867). Comic lecturer, and author of Artemus Ward, His Book," "Artemus Ward in London," etc.

SAMUEL L. CLEMENS (“MARK TWAIN") (born 1835). Humorist and story-writer. Author of "Innocents Abroad," 'Roughing It," "A Tramp Abroad," "Tom Sawyer," etc.

HORACE E. SCUDDER (born 1838). Editor, and popular writer of works for children. Wrote "Seven Little People," "Dream Children," "Stories from My Attic," "The Bodley Books," etc.

A. D. T. WHITNEY (born 1824).

cluding "A Summer in Leslie
Girlhood," We Girls," etc.

Author of works for young people, inGoldthwaite's Life," "Faith Gartney's

LOUISA M. ALCOTT (1832-1888). Author of "Little Women," "Little Men," "An Old-Fashioned Girl," "Jack and Jill," etc.

EUGENE FIELD (1850-1896). Journalist, story-writer, and poet. Author of "Culture's Garden," "A Little Book of Western Verse," "A Little Book of Profitable Tales," etc.

LOUISE CHANDLER MOULTON (born 1835). Story-writer, essayist, and poet. Principal works are "Bed-Time Stories," for children, "Swallow Flights, and Other Poems," "Juno Clifford," "Some Women's Hearts," etc.

JOHN ESTEN COOKE (1830-1886). Soldier, and author of a number of romances founded on early life in Virginia and on the events of the Civil War. Principal works are "Henry St. John," "Surrey of Eagle's Nest," ""Hilt to Hilt," etc.

MARY V. TERHUNE ("MARION HARLAND") (born 1830). Editor, novelist, and writer on domestic economy. Her novels include "Alone," “Miriam,” “Judith,” etc.