Physical Chemistry and Its Biological ApplicationsPhysical Chemistry and Its Biological Applications presents the basic principles of physical chemistry and shows how the methods of physical chemistry are being applied to increase understanding of living systems. Chapters 1 and 2 of the book discuss states of matter and solutions of nonelectrolytes. Chapters 3 to 5 examine laws in thermodynamics and solutions of electrolytes. Chapters 6 to 8 look at acid-base equilibria and the link between electromagnetic radiation and the structure of atoms. Chapters 9 to 11 cover different types of bonding, the rates of chemical reactions, and the process of adsorption. Chapters 12 to 14 present molecular aggregates, magnetic resonance spectroscopy and photochemistry, and radiation. This book is useful to biological scientists for self-study and reference. With modest additions of mathematical material by the teacher, the book should also be suitable for a full-year major's course in physical chemistry. |
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Page 3
... sodium chloride so that not all the salt dissolves, the two phases present after equilibrium is reached are saturated aqueous salt solution and solid sodium chloride. The behavior of a chemical substance under various conditions of ...
... sodium chloride so that not all the salt dissolves, the two phases present after equilibrium is reached are saturated aqueous salt solution and solid sodium chloride. The behavior of a chemical substance under various conditions of ...
Page 25
... sodium chloride. In the sodium chloride crystal, each sodium ion is surrounded by six chloride ions and each chloride ion by six sodium ions, and the energy of each positive—negative interaction between a pair of nearest neighbors is ...
... sodium chloride. In the sodium chloride crystal, each sodium ion is surrounded by six chloride ions and each chloride ion by six sodium ions, and the energy of each positive—negative interaction between a pair of nearest neighbors is ...
Page 27
... sodium ion, is placed in water, it attracts to itself the negative ends of the water dipoles, whereas a negative ion attracts the positive ends of the dipoles. The resulting hydrated ions are diagramed in Figure 1-11. Maximum attractive ...
... sodium ion, is placed in water, it attracts to itself the negative ends of the water dipoles, whereas a negative ion attracts the positive ends of the dipoles. The resulting hydrated ions are diagramed in Figure 1-11. Maximum attractive ...
Page 45
... sodium chloride consist of positive and negative ions, held very tightly by electrostatic forces, but with no unit corresponding to a single “molecule” distinguishable in the crystal. There are also covalent crystals, in which the atoms ...
... sodium chloride consist of positive and negative ions, held very tightly by electrostatic forces, but with no unit corresponding to a single “molecule” distinguishable in the crystal. There are also covalent crystals, in which the atoms ...
Page 48
... After 100.0 cm3 of the mixture is passed repeatedly through sodium hydroxide solution, the volume occupied is 94.7 cm“. Calculate the percent by volume, mole fraction, and percent by weight of CO2 in. 48 ONE STATES OF MATTER.
... After 100.0 cm3 of the mixture is passed repeatedly through sodium hydroxide solution, the volume occupied is 94.7 cm“. Calculate the percent by volume, mole fraction, and percent by weight of CO2 in. 48 ONE STATES OF MATTER.
Contents
1 | |
51 | |
89 | |
SECOND LAW AND EQUILIBRIUM | 115 |
CHAPTER 5 SOLUTIONS OF ELECTROLYTES | 152 |
CHAPTER 6 ACIDBASE EQUILIBRIA | 181 |
CHAPTER 7 OXIDATIONREDUCTION EQUILIBRIA | 213 |
CHAPTER 8 ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION AND THE STRUCTURE OF ATOMS | 244 |
CHAPTER 10 KINETICS OF CHEMICAL REACTIONS | 338 |
CHAPTER 11 ADSORPTION AND SURFACE EFFECTS | 403 |
CHAPTER 12 MACROMOLECULES AND MOLECULAR AGGREGATES | 436 |
CHAPTER 13 MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY | 494 |
CHAPTER 14 PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND RADIATION CHEMISTRY | 536 |
Table of Symbols and Abbreviations | 581 |
Index | 583 |
CHAPTER 9 BONDING AND MOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY | 288 |
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absorption acid activity adsorbed adsorption amino amount applied benzene bond Calculate carbon carboxyl cell chain charge Chem chemical chemical shift chloride coefficient colligative properties complex components concentration corresponding curve defined described diagram dissociation effect electric electrolyte electron energy change enthalpy entropy enzyme equal equation equilibrium constant example film first flow force fraction free energy frequency function heat hydrogen atom hydrogen ion increase ionic ionization kcal kinetic liquid magnetic field material measured membrane mixture molar mole mole fraction molecules nucleus occurs orbital osmotic pressure oxidation oxygen particles phase polar potential protein proton quantum number radiation rate constant ratio reactant reaction resonance rotation sample shown in Figure significant sodium solid solubility solvent species specific spectra spectrum spin structure substrate sucrose surface tension temperature tion titration transition triplet vapor pressure velocity vibrational volume wave wavelength zero