Solid state behavior of linear polyesters and polyamides

acid additional solid amorphous annealing Appl aspect ratio behavior birefringence block temperature chain Chem composites condensation copolyester copolymer courtesy crystallinity crystallization curves decrease deformation degree of crystallinity density diameter diffusion domains draw ratio Droscher effect Equation exchange reactions extrusion temperature Fakirov fiber axis fibers drawn filament fracture mechanics fracture toughness function heated element higher increase initial kinetics linear polycondensates load macromolecules Makromol material matrix maximum measurements mechanical melting point microfibrils microstructure modulus molded molecules morphology Nelon nominal draw ratio noncrystalline nylon 6 fibers nylon 66 obtained orientation parameters peak PET fibers phase Phys Plastic poly polyamides polyesters Polymer Sci polymerization properties Reprinted from Ref samples SAXS Schultz semicrystalline shown in Figure solid state polycondensation solid state post-polycondensation solid state reactions Solid-state extrusion specimen spherulite spinning strength stress structure Table tensile terephthalate thermoplastics toughened transesterification transreactions values x-ray yield Zachmann