Elements of Physical Metallurgy

alloying elements alpha aluminum annealed atoms austenite bainite behavior beta phase body-centered cubic brass carbide carbon steel cast iron Chapter chemical chromium cold-worked components composition considered cooling copper corrosion Courtesy crystal structure curve decrease determined diffraction diffusion dislocation ductility effect elastic electrical electrons energy equation equilibrium diagram eutectic eutectoid example face-centered cubic factors ferrite Figure formation fracture given grain boundaries hardening hardness heat treatment increase layer lb/in² liquid phase machine magnesium magnetic martensite mechanical metallurgy microstructure molten nickel nucleation obtained occur oxide oxygen particles pearlite percent peritectic photomicrograph plastic deformation precipitation produced properties pure metal quenching range reaction recrystallization region resistance room temperature shown in Fig shows silicon slip plane solid phase solid solution solidification space lattice specimen strain stress surface Table tempering tensile stress tion typical usually valence vapor x-ray yield strength Young's modulus zinc zone