A Tour of the Subatomic Zoo: A Guide to Particle PhysicsIf Your Understanding of the fundamental particles of matter is confined to the electron, proton, and neutron, take heart. Here is a book that takes you on a tour through the world of the "subatomic zoo", populated by some of the most dramatic discoveries of modern science - notably, quarks, leptons, and the basic forces that govern their interactions. You'll also encounter the accelerators and detectors that are used to find these exotic particles. Most important, your tour is conducted in terms that are easily understood - even if you have no prior physics background. Each chapter begins with an overview of concepts and terms, and ends with a summary section and self-tests to help you gauge just how much you have learned. This second edition has been revised to reflect recent developments in high-energy physics, including new particle accelerators, advances in detector technology, and the discovery of the top quark. The author has also added a list of World Wide Web sites where the reader can find more information on particle physics. Even if you've never been exposed to high-energy physics, have forgotten what you once knew, or have simply not kept current, A Tour of the Subatomic Zoo will bring you right up to date on developments that are continually refining our picture of matter and science. |
Contents
Matter in the Early 20th Century | 1 |
Radiation | 7 |
Summary | 13 |
Forces and Interactions | 19 |
SelfTest 2 | 25 |
New Particles | 31 |
Answers to SelfTest 3 | 40 |
More Particles and Conservation Rules | 44 |
Experimental Evidence for Quarks | 64 |
The Standard Model | 71 |
SelfTest 6 | 77 |
Linear Colliders | 83 |
Summary | 89 |
LeadGlass Detector | 97 |
Summary | 101 |
117 | |
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Common terms and phrases
alpha particles Answers to Self-Test antimatter antineutrino antiparticle antiproton antiquarks atom attractive baryon number beta decay bubble chamber Cerenkov counter charge conservation charged particle combinations decay mode determine the momentum discovered discovery drift chamber due chapter electric charge electric field electromagnetic force electron neutrino emitted example experience the strong Feynman diagram Figure force carrier fundamental particle gluons gravitational force hadrons high-energy physics interaction kaon lambda lead glass linear accelerator magnetic field mass lifetime mediator mesons multiple choice muon neutrino neutron nitrogen nucleus nucleons opposite particle physics particles bend physicists pion positron proton mass protons and neutrons quark/antiquark quarks and leptons radiation rearrange quarks Rutherford Scintillation counters secondary beams sigma spin of 1/2 standard model strange particles strange quark strong force subatomic particles synchrotron target three quarks top quark velocity weak force wire chambers π π πο ΣΟ