The Tradition of Female Transvestism in Early Modern EuropeIn 17th and 18th century Europe, especially Holland, England and Germany, so many women chose to dress and live as men, that an underground tradition of female transvestism within the popular culture can be detected. This study, based upon 119 well-documented Dutch cases of female transvestism, is the first of its kind and tells us how these women adapted to male life and why, once discovered, reactions to them were both fierce and varied. It also explores the reasons why they chose to change gender. Special attention is devoted to transvestism by one partner as the only way in which lesbian love was conceiveable in this period. |
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Page 11
... girl , Francina Gunningh , was born out of wedlock and was raised by her grandparents until she was seven years old.15 The youth of Maria van Antwerpen is a good example . She was the daughter of a distiller of brandy from Breda ...
... girl , Francina Gunningh , was born out of wedlock and was raised by her grandparents until she was seven years old.15 The youth of Maria van Antwerpen is a good example . She was the daughter of a distiller of brandy from Breda ...
Page 26
... girl who had become a prostitute out of poverty , she exclaimed : ' So I could determine that without the heavenly providence of taking up arms I would have fallen into the same state . ' God's blessing was important to her . She ...
... girl who had become a prostitute out of poverty , she exclaimed : ' So I could determine that without the heavenly providence of taking up arms I would have fallen into the same state . ' God's blessing was important to her . She ...
Page 33
... girl , even achieving the position of foreman in a rather short time . In the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries , Holland was relatively prosperous : there were no famines and the standard of living was higher than elsewhere in ...
... girl , even achieving the position of foreman in a rather short time . In the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries , Holland was relatively prosperous : there were no famines and the standard of living was higher than elsewhere in ...
Contents
Traditional Forms of Temporary Cross | 6 |
The Transformation | 13 |
The End of the Disguise | 19 |
Copyright | |
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achttiende eeuw Adventures Amsterdam RA Anna ARA VOC Archief army arrested autobiography Barbara Adriaens biography Breda Brielle C. R. Boxer Catalina de Erauso Chapter Cornelia court criminal Dekker Den Haag discovered disguised women dragoon dressed in men's Dutch Republic Dutch translation eighteenth century Elisabeth English entry Europe example female cross-dressing female sailors female soldiers female transvestism femmes Gelderland gender Geschiedenis Gijsse Gouda Gouw Groningen Haag Haarlem Hannah Snell Hendrickje hermaphroditism Heroine Hilletje historians History Hoefer Holland homosexuality husband Indies Jacobs Johanna judicial archives Kersteman Leiden lesbian living London lover Magnus Hirschfeld Maria van Antwerpen Maritgen Jans marriage married Meer men's clothing motives Nederlandsche vrouwen Netherlands Nieuwe nineteenth century Paris Pieters popular prostitutes Rijksarchief role Rotterdam sentence seventeenth and eighteenth seventeenth century sexual ship social sodomy songs sworn virgins theme tradition of female Transsexualism transvestism tribady Trijntje VOC reis VOC-sailor VOC-soldier Willem woman