An Introduction to Materials Science and EngineeringRalls' Introduction to Materials Science and Engineering is intended for students who want to learn about the nature of solid substances and, especially, for beginning engineering students who are making their first serious contact with the structure and properties of real solids. It represents, clearly and logically, the chemical and physical principles on which the properties of materials depend. The basic relationships introduced in general chemistry and physics courses are reviewed and extended in order to permit the student to relate the properties of ceramic, metallic, and polymeric solids to their internal structure and external environment. |
Common terms and phrases
activation energy alloy anions anode atomic orbitals atoms bainite band Bravais lattice Burgers vector carbon cathode cation ceramics component composition compounds concentration conduction constant cooling copper corrosion covalent bonding crystal structure crystalline cubic curve decreases deformation density depends diffusion dipole direction elastic electrical energy levels enthalpy equilibrium eutectic eutectoid example FIGURE fraction free energy function galvanic cell glass grain boundaries heat hydrogen impurity increases interatomic interface interstitial ionic ions kJ/mol liquid magnetic martensite materials melting point metal microstructure mole molecular orbitals molecules NaCl noncrystalline nucleation occurs oxide oxygen particles pearlite phase diagram plastic polarization polymerization polymers potential pressure properties region relative result room temperature Schematic Sect semiconductor shear shown in Fig silicates single crystal solid solution solidification steel strain strength stress substance surface energy Table tensile thermal transformation two-phase unit cell voltage volume