Human Viruses in Water: Perspectives in Medical VirologyThis book provides overviews and updates on basic research, diagnosis, epidemiology, and public health on enteric viruses, as well as on treatment and intervention to prevent their waterborne transmission. Data are presented and interpreted by leading researchers in the field in 13 chapters. An essential resource for virologists, epidemiologists, medical and public health professionals, graduate students and postdoctoral scientists at various levels of their careers. Key Topics Include: * Ecology of enteric viruses * Intervention measures from risk assessment to virus disinfection practices * Cutting edge technology on procedures for virus detection and monitoring in water and the water environment * Quality assurance and quality control measures in water virology * Legal regulations regarding viruses in the environment |
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Page v
... Atmar . . . . . . . . . . . . . Indicators of Waterborne Enteric Viruses Juan Jofre. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 3. 39 4. 69 5. 91 6. 109 7. 127 8. 163 9. 177 205 227 12. Quality Control ...
... Atmar . . . . . . . . . . . . . Indicators of Waterborne Enteric Viruses Juan Jofre. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 3. 39 4. 69 5. 91 6. 109 7. 127 8. 163 9. 177 205 227 12. Quality Control ...
Page 22
... Atmar RL, Koopmans MPG, Estes MK. Laboratory efforts to cultivate noroviruses. J Gen Virol. 2004; 85: 79–85. EC. Council Directive 98/83/EC of 3 November 1998 on the quality of water intended for human consumption. Off J Eur Comm. 1998 ...
... Atmar RL, Koopmans MPG, Estes MK. Laboratory efforts to cultivate noroviruses. J Gen Virol. 2004; 85: 79–85. EC. Council Directive 98/83/EC of 3 November 1998 on the quality of water intended for human consumption. Off J Eur Comm. 1998 ...
Page 28
... (Atmar and Estes, 2006). Human noroviruses are the leading cause of non-bacterial gastroenteritis worldwide (Atmar and Estes, 2006). Similar to other Caliciviridae, norovirus contain a positive-sense, single-stranded RNA genome of ...
... (Atmar and Estes, 2006). Human noroviruses are the leading cause of non-bacterial gastroenteritis worldwide (Atmar and Estes, 2006). Similar to other Caliciviridae, norovirus contain a positive-sense, single-stranded RNA genome of ...
Page 29
... (Atmar and Estes, 2006). A significant contributing factor for the high number of norovirus cases is the very low-infectious dose. Unfortunately, due to the complexity of establishing human volunteer feeding studies, few studies have ...
... (Atmar and Estes, 2006). A significant contributing factor for the high number of norovirus cases is the very low-infectious dose. Unfortunately, due to the complexity of establishing human volunteer feeding studies, few studies have ...
Page 34
... Atmar RL, Estes MK. The epidemiologic and clinical importance of norovirus infection: gastroenterol. Clin North Am 2006; 35(2): 275–290. Ballester NA, Malley J. Sequential disinfection of adenovirus type 2 with UV-chlorinechloramine. J ...
... Atmar RL, Estes MK. The epidemiologic and clinical importance of norovirus infection: gastroenterol. Clin North Am 2006; 35(2): 275–290. Ballester NA, Malley J. Sequential disinfection of adenovirus type 2 with UV-chlorinechloramine. J ...
Contents
1 | |
27 | |
39 | |
Chapter 4 Enteroviruses with Special Reference to Poliovirus and Poliomyelitis Eradication | 69 |
Chapter 5 Virus Occurrence and Survival in the Environmental Waters | 91 |
Chapter 6 Virus Removal During Drinking Water Treatment | 109 |
Chapter 7 Global Supply of VirusSafe Drinking Water | 127 |
Assessing the Risks | 163 |
Chapter 9 The Detection of Waterborne Viruses | 177 |
Chapter 10 Viruses in Shellfish | 205 |
Chapter 11 Indicators of Waterborne Enteric Viruses | 227 |
Chapter 12 Quality Control Environmental Monitoring and Regulations | 251 |
Chapter 13 Recent Advances and Future Needs in Environmental Virology | 259 |
List of Contributors | 285 |
Index | 289 |
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Common terms and phrases
adenoviruses Appl Environ Microbiol Appl Microbiol assay associated astrovirus astroviruses Atmar bacteria bacteriophages Bosch capsid cell culture Clin Microbiol clinical coliphages contamination coxsackievirus disinfection drinking water echovirus enteroviruses Environ Microbiol 2005 environmental surveillance epidemiological excreted exposure F-specific RNA faecal filters gastroenteritis genome genotypes Gerba CP Grabow WOK groundwater Guyader hepatitis A virus hepatitis E host human enteric viruses human pathogenic viruses human viruses inactivation indicators infection isolates Jiang Jofre laboratory Lucena F membranes microarray microbial molecular monitoring norovirus Norwalk virus nucleic acid outbreaks oysters particles phages picornaviruses poliovirus pollution polymerase chain reaction potential protein public health QMRA reduction replication risk assessment Rose JB rotavirus RT-PCR serotypes sewage shellfish Sobsey MD somatic coliphages source water specific strains studies surface waters targets techniques transmission vaccine viral Virol Methods Virology viruses viruses in water wastewater water quality Water Res water samples Water SciTechnol water treatment waterborne viruses