Textbook of Theoretical Botany, Volume 4

absorption acid algae amount analysis Angiosperms arctic association biotic Calcium Calcium carbonate Calluna carbonate cent changes chernozem clay climate colloids competition complex considerable density depends depth diploid dispersal distribution dominant ecological ecotypes edaphic effect elements endemic environment epilimnion example factors flora floristic forest frequency fungi genera genetic geographical grassland ground growth habitat halophytes humidity humus hypolimnion important increase individuals ions lakes latitude latter layer leaching life-forms limited lower means metres migration mineral montane mycorrhiza natural number of species occur organic peat period phosphate photosynthesis physiognomy plankton plant communities Plant Geography podsols polyploidy population produce quadrats radiation rain rainfall range of tolerance ratio region relationships relative rock roots salinity sample season seeds sesquioxides silica soil soluble South surface temperate temperature thermocline tion trees tropical types units variation vegetation xerophytes zone