Groupthink: Psychological Studies of Policy Decisions and Fiascoes |
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Page 45
... accepted a kind of taboo against voicing damaging criticisms . This may have been another im- portant factor contributing to the group's tendency to indulge in groupthink . How could such a norm come into being ? Why would President ...
... accepted a kind of taboo against voicing damaging criticisms . This may have been another im- portant factor contributing to the group's tendency to indulge in groupthink . How could such a norm come into being ? Why would President ...
Page 70
... accepted the position taken by practically everyone else ; ... namely that the Chinese offer ought to be politely declined . " Here was one occasion when the advisory group clearly showed itself capable of resisting pressures to conform ...
... accepted the position taken by practically everyone else ; ... namely that the Chinese offer ought to be politely declined . " Here was one occasion when the advisory group clearly showed itself capable of resisting pressures to conform ...
Page 246
... accepted by their fellow members , they became more willing to express opinions that deviated from the group consensus . Members who were made to feel that they were not accepted by their colleagues became subdued . After being informed ...
... accepted by their fellow members , they became more willing to express opinions that deviated from the group consensus . Members who were made to feel that they were not accepted by their colleagues became subdued . After being informed ...
Contents
Why So Many Miscalculations? | 2 |
The Bay of Pigs | 14 |
The Wrong | 48 |
Copyright | |
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Acheson administration Admiral Kimmel advisers advisory group air strike Allen Dulles alternative American assumptions attack avoid Bay of Pigs blockade bombing Castro Chiefs of Staff Chinese cohesive group Communist concurrence-seeking consensus course of action critical Cuba Cuban missile crisis danger Dean Defense deliberations discussion effect Ehrlichman evidence Executive Committee expected fiasco group dynamics groupthink hypothesis groupthink tendencies Haldeman Hawaii Ibid in-group inner circle invasion plan issues Japanese Johnson Joint Chiefs judgment Kennan Kennedy's Korean War leader major Marshall Plan McNamara meetings military moral naval Nixon North Korea North Vietnam officers participants Pearl Harbor Pentagon Papers policy-making group political present President Kennedy President's pressures problem procedures psychological questions responsible risks Robert Kennedy role Rusk Schlesinger Secretary shared sion social Sorensen Soviet Union stereotypes stress symptoms of groupthink thinking threat tion transcripts Truman Vietnam Vietnam War warning Watergate cover-up White House White House group