The Large Intestine: Physiology, Pathophysiology, and Disease

abdominal absorption activity acute anal canal anal sphincter anorectal antigen associated bacteria barium enema biopsy bleeding blood bran carbohydrate carcinoma cause cecum chloride chronic circular muscle Clin clinical coli colon cancer colonoscopy colorectal cancer constipation Crohn's disease crypt defecation diagnosis diarrhea diet dietary fiber distal colon diverticular disease diverticulitis effect electrolyte endoscopy epithelial cells epithelium factors fatty acids fecal fermentation function Gastroenterol Gastroenterology gastrointestinal gene human colon immune increased infection inflammation inflammatory bowel disease ion transport large bowel large intestine lesions macrophages mechanisms membrane mesenteric metabolism motility mucosa myenteric nerves neurons normal Nutr occur pain parasite pathogens patients pelvic peptides Physiol plexus polyps potassium potential present protein receptors rectal rectum resection response result role SCFA screening secretion sigmoid sigmoidoscopy slow wave small intestine smooth muscle sodium specific stool studies sulfasalazine Surg syndrome therapy tients tion tissue toxin treatment tumor ulcerative colitis vitro