Outer planet entry heating and thermal protection

ablation ablation layer absorption coefficient AIAA AIAA Journal AIAA Paper altitude analysis angle of attack atomic ballistic coefficient blockage blunted boundary layer bow shock calculations carbon carbon-phenolic chemical chemical equilibrium computed cone configuration convective heating correlation corrugation energy enthalpy entry conditions environment equations equilibrium experimental flow flowfield freestream graphite Heat Transfer heat-shield recession heat-transfer helium hydrogen hyperboloid inertial entry angle inviscid Jovian entry Jupiter entry km/sec laminar line widths mass loss material model atmospheres NASA nominal nondimensional nonequilibrium number density obtained Outer Planet Entry parameters phenolic Planet Entry Probes precursor heating precursor region predicted present pressure Progress in Astronautics radiation radiative and convective radiative flux radiative heating rates Reynolds number shield shock Shock Tube shock-layer shown in Fig solution Spacecraft species spectral sphere-cone stagnation point stagnation-point Table temperature thermal thermochemical thermodynamic Thermophysics tion trajectory turbulent uncertainty velocity wall