Conjugated Conducting Polymers

absorption addition applied approach approximation atoms band behaviour bipolarons bond bond alternation calculations carriers chain charged chemical concentration conductivity configuration conjugated polymers correlation corresponding Coulomb Coulomb interactions coupling decreases defects density dependence described determined dimerization discussed dopant doping effects electron electron-electron electron-phonon ENDOR energy excitations expected experimental experiments field finite frequency function give ground Hamiltonian hopping Hubbard hyperfine important increase indicated interactions interpretation involving lattice leads length Lett limit magnetic materials measurements metallic methods modes motion neutral nuclear observed obtained one-dimensional optical pair parameter peak phonon Phys physical polarons polyacetylene polyenes polymers position properties range relaxation resonance respect samples Sect shift shown shows similar single Solid soliton spectra spectrum spin structure studies symmetry Synth temperature theoretical theory trans-(CH transition units valence values whereas