Conjugated Conducting PolymersHelmut Kiess This book reviews the current understanding of electronic, optical and magnetic properties of conjugated polymers in both the semiconducting and metallic states. It introduces in particular novel phenomena and concepts in these quasi one-dimensional materials that differ from the well-established concepts valid for crystalline semiconductors. After a brief introductory chapter, the second chapter presents basic theore tical concepts and treats in detail the various models for n-conjugated polymers and the computational methods required to derive observable quantities. Specific spatially localized structures, often referred to as solitons, polarons and bipolarons, result naturally from the interaction between n-electrons and lattice displacements. For a semi-quantitative understanding of the various measure ments, electron-electron interactions have to be incorporated in the models; this in turn makes the calculations rather complicated. The third chapter is devoted to the electrical properties of these materials. The high metallic conductivity achieved by doping gave rise to the expression conducting polymers, which is often used for such materials even when they are in their semiconducting or insulating state. Although conductivity is one of the most important features, the reader will learn how difficult it is to draw definite conclusions about the nature of the charge carriers and the microscopic transport mechanism solely from electrical measurements. Optical properties are discussed in the fourth chapter. |
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Page v
... spectra help to clarify many controversial aspects concerning the nature of the charge carriers and the question of electron - phonon and electron - electron inter- actions . It is important to note also that the nonlinear optical ...
... spectra help to clarify many controversial aspects concerning the nature of the charge carriers and the question of electron - phonon and electron - electron inter- actions . It is important to note also that the nonlinear optical ...
Page viii
... Structure Calculations 178 4.3.2 Experimental Results . 4.4 Photon - Phonon Interaction 182 185 4.4.1 General Remarks • 185 4.4.2 Calculations of Vibrational Spectra of Polymers 4.4.3 Experimental Results VIII Contents.
... Structure Calculations 178 4.3.2 Experimental Results . 4.4 Photon - Phonon Interaction 182 185 4.4.1 General Remarks • 185 4.4.2 Calculations of Vibrational Spectra of Polymers 4.4.3 Experimental Results VIII Contents.
Page ix
Helmut Kiess. 4.4.2 Calculations of Vibrational Spectra of Polymers 4.4.3 Experimental Results 186 188 4.5 The Study of Elementary Excitations in Conjugated Polymers 4.5.1 General Considerations 4.5.2 The Electronic States of the Quasi ...
Helmut Kiess. 4.4.2 Calculations of Vibrational Spectra of Polymers 4.4.3 Experimental Results 186 188 4.5 The Study of Elementary Excitations in Conjugated Polymers 4.5.1 General Considerations 4.5.2 The Electronic States of the Quasi ...
Page 2
... spectra of polyenes showed that the threshold for absorption decreases with increasing chain length but tends to saturate at about 2 eV . Hence , Kuhn [ 1.3 ] argued that the optical gap is fundamental and is due to bond alternation ...
... spectra of polyenes showed that the threshold for absorption decreases with increasing chain length but tends to saturate at about 2 eV . Hence , Kuhn [ 1.3 ] argued that the optical gap is fundamental and is due to bond alternation ...
Page 20
... spectra , the hydrogen coordinates must also be incorporated , as will be discussed in Sect . 2.6.3 . π General considerations . Conceptually , we imagine starting with a Hamiltonian of the form ( 2.4 ) except that ( 1 ) the Coulomb ...
... spectra , the hydrogen coordinates must also be incorporated , as will be discussed in Sect . 2.6.3 . π General considerations . Conceptually , we imagine starting with a Hamiltonian of the form ( 2.4 ) except that ( 1 ) the Coulomb ...
Contents
1 | |
7 | |
7 | 44 |
13 | 60 |
15 | 72 |
18 | 101 |
References | 114 |
28 | 115 |
Charge Transport in Polymers | 135 |
Theory and Experiment | 141 |
References | 171 |
References | 214 |
References | 297 |
Subject Index | 305 |
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Common terms and phrases
A.J. Heeger A.R. Bishop atoms Baeriswyl band band gap behaviour bipolarons bond alternation bond lengths calculations chain charged solitons Chem chemical shift cis-(CH conducting polymers configuration conjugated polymers correlation effects Coulomb interactions coupling Cryst D.K. Campbell defects dependence dimerization discussed dopant doping doping levels e-e interactions electron correlation electron spin electron-electron interactions electron-phonon ENDOR energy excitations exciton experimental finite polyenes frequency function Hamiltonian Hartree-Fock hopping Hubbard model Hückel inter-chain kink Kivelson lattice Lett linewidth magnetic Mazumdar metallic molecular molecules neutral solitons nonlinear nonlinear optical nuclear observed obtained one-dimensional optical absorption optical gap parameter peak Peierls Peierls-Hubbard model phonon Phys polarons polyacetylene polyenes polypyrrole polythiophene properties proton quantum quasi-particles Raman relaxation resonance Sect Solid State Commun spectra spectrum spin density SSH model susceptibility symmetry Synth temperature theoretical theory trans-(CH trans-polyacetylene transition triplet valence bond values Vardeny