Proceedings of the ... International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering, Volume 4American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001 - Arctic regions |
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Page 17
... crack to heal is larger than the energy needed for a crack to grow ( energy difference = 2W ) . G - W Growth G + W Healing N W an 2W During loading , ( E ) intact is expressed as the sum of three strain components ( Derradji - Aouat ...
... crack to heal is larger than the energy needed for a crack to grow ( energy difference = 2W ) . G - W Growth G + W Healing N W an 2W During loading , ( E ) intact is expressed as the sum of three strain components ( Derradji - Aouat ...
Page 172
... crack tip b ) Jreference increasing constraint Jer.def Jerl Jcr2 Japplied Figure 2. a ) effect of constraint on crack tip stress field , b ) relationship between applied J and reference J. influenced by the constraint level at the crack ...
... crack tip b ) Jreference increasing constraint Jer.def Jerl Jcr2 Japplied Figure 2. a ) effect of constraint on crack tip stress field , b ) relationship between applied J and reference J. influenced by the constraint level at the crack ...
Page 175
... Crack Perfect Plate 0.5 1 1.5 Displacement 2 2.5 3 فيا Figure 5. a ) finite element mesh , b ) load deflection ... crack is initiated there . The present case analyzed is denoted T3 , the crack depth to crack width is 0.05 , and the ...
... Crack Perfect Plate 0.5 1 1.5 Displacement 2 2.5 3 فيا Figure 5. a ) finite element mesh , b ) load deflection ... crack is initiated there . The present case analyzed is denoted T3 , the crack depth to crack width is 0.05 , and the ...
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accretion analysis annulus Arctic Engineering Arctic Ocean axial loading behavior bending stiffness Bohai buckle arrestor bundle cable calculated carrier pipe catenary coefficient collapse compressive Conference on Offshore configuration corrosion crack damping ratio deepwater defect deformation Det Norske Veritas developed diameter displacement dynamic elastic experimental failure pressures Figure finite element finite element analysis flexible pipe flowline fluid fracture freespans gauge grooves heat transfer heat transfer coefficient hummocks ice force ice load ice sheet increase installation insulation internal pressure layer length liner maximum Mechanics and Arctic method Offshore Mechanics operation parameters PETROBRAS phase pipeline pipeline system plastic predicted ratio reeling Rio de Janeiro riser system risk sagging sand scour sea ice seabed shear stress simulation soil specimens stamukhas steel strain strain gauges stress structure subsea surface temperature tension tests thermal thickness titanium values velocity water depth weld wrinkle