Optical Fiber CommunicationsThe third edition of this popular text and reference book presents the fundamental principles for understanding and applying optical fiber technology to sophisticated modern telecommunication systems. Optical-fiber-based telecommunication networks have become a major information-transmission-system, with high capacity links encircling the globe in both terrestrial and undersea installations. Numerous passive and active optical devices within these links perform complex transmission and networking functions in the optical domain, such as signal amplification, restoration, routing, and switching. Along with the need to understand the functions of these devices comes the necessity to measure both component and network performance, and to model and stimulate the complex behavior of reliable high-capacity networks. |
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Page 208
... becomes P : = 2π roo , max dodo , r 2л Во cos Ꮎ sin Ꮎ d Ꮎ do , r dr = - προ = πΒο [ " ' " [ " sin2 sin200.max des r dr 2л • IT NA2de , r dr ( 5-4 ) where the numerical aperture NA is defined by Eq . ( 2-23 ) . For step - index fibers ...
... becomes P : = 2π roo , max dodo , r 2л Во cos Ꮎ sin Ꮎ d Ꮎ do , r dr = - προ = πΒο [ " ' " [ " sin2 sin200.max des r dr 2л • IT NA2de , r dr ( 5-4 ) where the numerical aperture NA is defined by Eq . ( 2-23 ) . For step - index fibers ...
Page 285
... becomes BER = P ( Q ) = dx 10 / √2 1 e - Q2 / 2 = [ 1 - erf ( 1/2 ) ] = √127 0 ( 7-22 ) The approximation is obtained from the asymptotic expansion of erf ( x ) . Here , the parameter is defined as and Q Uth - boff σ off bon - - Uth ...
... becomes BER = P ( Q ) = dx 10 / √2 1 e - Q2 / 2 = [ 1 - erf ( 1/2 ) ] = √127 0 ( 7-22 ) The approximation is obtained from the asymptotic expansion of erf ( x ) . Here , the parameter is defined as and Q Uth - boff σ off bon - - Uth ...
Page 439
... becomes Po GPs.in + SASE A Vopt . Note that Avopt can be reduced significantly if an optical filter precedes the photodetector . Substituting this expression for Po into Eq . ( 6-6 ) then yields the total mean - square shot - noise ...
... becomes Po GPs.in + SASE A Vopt . Note that Avopt can be reduced significantly if an optical filter precedes the photodetector . Substituting this expression for Po into Eq . ( 6-6 ) then yields the total mean - square shot - noise ...
Contents
Overview of Optical Fiber Communications | 1 |
Structures Waveguiding and Fabrication | 25 |
Structures Waveguiding and Fabrication | 26 |
Copyright | |
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analog attenuation avalanche photodiode band bandwidth cable carrier channel cladding communication components connector core coupler coupling data rate dB/km density detector device dispersion EDFA effects electric emission emitting energy equation example factor fiber end fiber optic FIGURE frequency function gain given by Eq glass graded-index fiber IEEE InGaAs input laser diode lasing layer length Lett light Lightwave Tech loss material Mb/s modal modal noise modes modulation multimode fibers multiplexing n₁ node numerical aperture operating optical amplifiers optical fiber optical output optical power optical signal optical source output power parameter percent photodetector photon pin photodiode power level propagation pulse quantum efficiency Quantum Electron radius range receiver refractive index region semiconductor shown in Fig signal-to-noise ratio single-mode fibers spectral width splice star coupler step-index fiber temperature transmission transmitted values voltage wave wavelength