Animal Behavior: An Evolutionary Approach |
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Page 219
... traits overcome these obstacles . 2 All traits have benefits and costs in terms of their effect on the fitness of an individual . The working hypothesis of behavioral ecology is that traits will survive and spread through populations ...
... traits overcome these obstacles . 2 All traits have benefits and costs in terms of their effect on the fitness of an individual . The working hypothesis of behavioral ecology is that traits will survive and spread through populations ...
Page 431
... traits arose more recently in evolutionary time . The more uncommon a character ( as measured against the ... Traits that arose in the distant past have the chance to be retained through many speciation events and so may appear in many ...
... traits arose more recently in evolutionary time . The more uncommon a character ( as measured against the ... Traits that arose in the distant past have the chance to be retained through many speciation events and so may appear in many ...
Page 506
... traits of an organism . Sociobiology is a discipline that attempts to explain why traits exist , not to justify them . This distinction is easily under- stood in other fields of biology . For example , biologists who have studied the ...
... traits of an organism . Sociobiology is a discipline that attempts to explain why traits exist , not to justify them . This distinction is easily under- stood in other fields of biology . For example , biologists who have studied the ...
Contents
NATURAL SELECTION | 5 |
Alternative Hypotheses | 11 |
Experimental Tests of Evolutionary Predictions | 17 |
Copyright | |
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ability activity adaptive adult alarm calls allele animal behavior anole ants aphids bees Behavioral Ecology benefits biological birds black-headed gull bluegill brain breeding butterfly cells Chapter colony Color competition cooperation copulate courtship cues cycle damselfly defense detect developmental display dominant effects eggs environment evolution evolutionary evolved example experience feeding female's fertilize Figure flies foraging gametes genes genetic genotype gulls habitat hive honeybee hormonal human hypothesis inclusive fitness individuals infanticide insects kin selection kittiwake larvae living male's males and females mate mechanisms moth nectar nervous system nest neural neurons offspring parental pattern pheromone Photograph physiological polyandry polygyny population potential predators prediction prey produce progeny rats reared receptive receptors relatively reproductive success response Science sensory sexual selection signals snakes social Sociobiology song sounds species sperm stimulation strategy survival territory testosterone toad traits wasp white-crowned sparrow wings workers young