since noticed, and printed in Ireland. The Editor would likewise refer to the Errata for a correction of some mistakes in the printing of those Bulls, as from the version of the Fœdera; which mistakes were owing, amongst other circumstances, to illness on his part, at the time for going to press. And, with respect to errors in the references from Note to Note, he would, for obvious reasons, particularly point the reader's attention to the emendation of the few which have occurred, or the following:

At page 175, for "See Notes 15, 16, 29, 32," read "See Notes 15, 16, 32.' At page 195, for "See Notes 90 and 113," read "See Note 91." At page 278, for "Compare Note 64, p. 259, and Note 279, passim," read "Compare Note 64, p. 259, and Note 281, passim." At page 318, for "See Note 57, pp. 233-234, and Note 220, passim," read "See Note 57, pp. 233-234, and Note 120, passim."

The Editor feels much pleasure in acknowledging the kindness, with which, for this edition of Colonel O'Kelly's work, as well as on other occasions, during the last ten years, he has been allowed access to the valuable MSS. of Trinity College, by the Rev. James Henthorn Todd. To Messrs. John O'Donovan and Eugene Curry, he is also thankful for such information concerning the Celtic department of our national literature, as he considered it necessary to consult them upon.

J. C. O'C.

MEMOIR

HARLES O'KELLY, the elder son of John O'Kelly, eighth lord of the manor of Screen, County Galway, by Isma, daughter of Sir William Hill, of Ballybeg, County Carlow, was born at the Castle of Screen, in 1621. His origin was one of the most ancient and honourable in his native province; he being the thirty-ninth in descent from Maine Mor, or the Great, first conqueror, in the fifth century, of the Firbolgs and Attacots, in the extensive territory hence styled "Hy-Many," and subsequently "O'Kelly's Country;" the Princes or Chieftains of which, from that period, ranked among the most considerable in Ireland. Young Charles, as a Roman Catholic, was sent, for his education, to St. Omer, in the Netherlands, then forming part of the dominions of the Spanish monarchy. Of the able tuition, at that time existing there, he took every advantage. His progress was extensive in the knowledge of the belles lettres; in addition to the Irish, English, Latin, and Greek tongues, he became acquainted with the Flemish, Spanish, French, and Italian languages; and was already remarkable for that enthusiastic love of country, which gained him the designation of the Irish patriot. The great civil

C 2

civil war breaking out in Ireland in the autumn of 1641, he was summoned home to join the royal cause; on which side, his father acquired the rank of Colonel; distinguished himself by his services during the contest, under the Marquisses of Ormonde and Clanricarde; and suffered, in consequence, under the revolutionary interregnum, or usurpation, till the Restoration; when he was specially decreed, under the Act of Settlement, all the estate to which he was entitled, either by possession or reversion, before the commencement of the disturbances in 1641. Young Charles, after returning to Ireland in 1642, obtained the command of a troop of horse under the Marquis of Ormonde; and signalized himself in the royal army on various occasions, while the war lasted there. On the ultimate success of the Parliamentarians, or Cromwellians, he retired with a body of 2000 of his countrymen into the Spanish dominions, to serve Charles II., as he had previously served his father. Thence, on hearing that the King was in France, he repaired, with most of the officers and soldiers belonging to that corps, who were formed into a regiment, which he was appointed to command. Upon the conclusion, between Cardinal Mazarin and Oliver Cromwell, of the treaty of alliance against Spain, in consequence of which the banished royal family of England were obliged to quit France, Colonel Charles O'Kelly, with other gallant and loyal exiles, transferred his services to the crown of Spain, as that power in whose territory their Sovereign had to seek protection. There the Colonel remained till the reinstatement of the monarchy in Great Britain and Ireland in 1660; when, says my authority, "he came into England, and was always highly esteemed for his Learning, Loyalty, and great Services, both at home and abroad." By the decease of his father, Colonel John O'Kelly, in 1674, he succeeded to the family estate (so fortunately saved from the general landed spoliation of the older Irish proprietors under the Act of Settlement), and became ninth lord of the manor of Screen.

In the reign of King James II., when the ancient gentry of the country, of Milesian, and Anglo-Norman, or old English origin, as opposed to the "settlers" of the recent revolutionary or Cromwellian "plantation," were the general objects of royal favour and promotion, we find the Colonel's brother, John of Clonlyon, mentioned as High Sheriff of the County of Roscommon in 1686. The Colonel himself appears as one of the twenty-four Burgesses of the reformed or remodelled Corporation of Athlone in November, 1687, as his brother, John, likewise seems to have been, under the enrolment of "John Oge O'Kelly," or

John

mon.

John O'Kelly the young, in contradistinction to his elder brother, Charles. When the Revolution took place in England and Scotland the following year, the cause of King James was supported by Colonel Charles O'Kelly and his family, in the same manner, that he and his father had formerly adhered to the cause of His Majesty's father and brother, Kings Charles I. and Charles II. In the Parliament summoned in Dublin in 1689, by King James, after his flight from England to France, and landing in Ireland, Colonel Charles O'Kelly sat as Member for the County, and his brother, John, as Member for the Borough, of RoscomThe Colonel was commissioned, in the summer of the same year, to levy a regiment of infantry for the King's service, to be commanded by himself, with his brother John, as his Lieutenant-Colonel; and the Colonel's only son, Denis, joined the cavalry of the Irish army, in the regiment of Pierce Butler, Lord Galmoy. The infantry regiment of Colonel O'Kelly, however, was not long kept up; though we find him serving the King with the rank of Colonel, and his brother, John, with that of Lieutenant-Colonel. Lord Mountcashel's force, sent against the Enniskilliners, being routed at Newton-Butler, July 31st; the blockade of Derry being likewise raised by the royal army; and Sligo, in consequence of a false rumour, and the panic connected with these reverses, being not long after abandoned; the Enniskilliners seized that place by a detachment under Lieutenant-Colonel Gore, and made it their frontier post, for hostilities against the King's adherents in Connaught. Colonel O'Kelly, from his age, (he was then sixty-eight), and his former services in Ireland and on the Continent, was reckoned the best officer for undertaking the defence of that province, and directed by Brigadier Patrick Sarsfield to oppose the enemy there, with such a force of the country militia as could be collected; the King then requiring the national army, under himself, to be as strong as possible, in order to stop the march of Marshal Schonberg, from the North, towards Dublin. The Colonel accordingly advanced towards Boyle; which, for some time, rendered the enemy rather apprehensive of being attacked in Sligo, than desirous of acting offensively towards the South. On September 19th, however, the famous Enniskillen Colonel, Thomas Lloyd, marched from Sligo, over the Curlew mountains, with a select party of cavalry and infantry, and, next morning, about sunrise, falling, in a fog,

a Erroneously called, elsewhere, the regiment of Lord Galway; that young nobleman's regiment

having been only one of foot, and Lord Galmoy's one of horse.

fog, upon Colonel O'Kelly's force in front of Boyle, overthrew them with considerable loss. Colonel O'Kelly, on the rout of his foot, escaped with his horse, which were pursued about seven miles; and the enemy, amongst their booty, obtained the Colonel's portmanteau, with a letter from Brigadier Sarsfield, which was forwarded by Colonel Lloyd to Marshal Schonberg, at Dundalk. Nevertheless, the campaign in Connaught was terminated, on the Jacobite side, by Brigadier Sarsfield's recovering Sligo, and completely clearing that province of the enemy; "thō commanded," observes King James, "by Coll. Russell the German, and Coll: LLoyd, whom they called their little Cromwel."

From this period of the Irish war, we find no mention made of Colonel O'Kelly, or any of his family, until the battle of Aughrim, in July, 1691; at which engagement, his son, Denis, then a Captain in Lord Galmoy's regiment of cavalry, had a horse shot under him. Galway soon after surrendering to the Williamite forces under Baron de Ginkell, and Brigadier Sir Henry Belasyse being appointed Governor of that town, the Brigadier's attention was directed to the reduction of the Isle of Bofin, off the western coast, then held with a garrison for King James by Colonel Timothy Royrdan (or O'Royrdan") as its Governor. The Capitulation took place August 20th, and of the Articles, signed the 19th, the third specifies, "That the Governour, Officers, and Souldiers of the said Garison, the Lord Athenree, Lieutenant Colonel John Kelly, and all the Inhabitants of the said Island, shall possess and enjoy their Estates, Real and Personal, as they held, or ought to have held, under the Acts of Settlement and Explanation, or otherways by the Laws of this Kingdom, freely discharged from all Crown-Rents, Quit-Rents, and all other Charges, to the Date hereof:" &c. And, in the ninth of these Articles, it is stated, with reference to a due ratification of them, that there were "given Lieutenant Colonel John Kelly and Captain Richard Martin, as Security." Meanwhile Brigadier O'Donnell, who commanded the principal Jacobite force in north-western Connaught, had been carrying on a private negociation with the Williamite government; which, however, from various circumstances, became known to those, from whom he was preparing to desert. Colonel Charles O'Kelly, who was appointed to guard a strong Castle

b Otherwise O'Reardan. By the second, fifth, and sixth Articles of the Capitulation, the Irish Governor and garrison of Bofin were to have liberty to

near

proceed, with the honours of war, arms, and baggage, to Limerick. There was a Count O'Reardan in France, as late as 1842.