Coherent and Nonlinear Lightwave CommunicationsThis is a practical source on recent developments in coherent and nonlinear lightwave communications. The book systematically presents up-to-date explanations of all the relevant physical principles and recent research in this emerging area. Providing an unparallelled engineering-level treatment (with 700 equations), this reference also describes the progression of coherent and nonlinear technology from yesterday's experimental field to today's practical applications tool. This work is intended as a tool for research telecommunication engineers, applications engineers working with broadband telecom systems and networks, and postgraduate students. |
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Page 77
... energy level only by absorption of one photon with energy at least equal to the difference between the energy levels . At the same time , the transition from upper to lower energy level is followed by the emission of a photon . Such a ...
... energy level only by absorption of one photon with energy at least equal to the difference between the energy levels . At the same time , the transition from upper to lower energy level is followed by the emission of a photon . Such a ...
Page 171
Milorad Cvijetic. The total energy Stokes photon First photon energy energy Second photon energy ( a ) Anti - Stokes photon energy z axis a k p ( b ) k S 44 ΔΚ L coh W S a Figure 6.3 Illustration of the four - photon mixing process . The ...
Milorad Cvijetic. The total energy Stokes photon First photon energy energy Second photon energy ( a ) Anti - Stokes photon energy z axis a k p ( b ) k S 44 ΔΚ L coh W S a Figure 6.3 Illustration of the four - photon mixing process . The ...
Page 249
... energy that left the soliton and diffused to the dispersive wave . The ratio R2 of the soliton energy to the total energy after nth amplifications can be obtained from ( 9.48 ) and ( 9.62 ) , that is , Rin = En ( s ) En = 1 + 2α + δα ...
... energy that left the soliton and diffused to the dispersive wave . The ratio R2 of the soliton energy to the total energy after nth amplifications can be obtained from ( 9.48 ) and ( 9.62 ) , that is , Rin = En ( s ) En = 1 + 2α + δα ...
Contents
Optical Transmitters for Coherent Lightwave Systems | 3 |
Coherent Optical Receiver Sensitivity | 15 |
61 | 31 |
Copyright | |
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amplification coefficient amplitude Brillouin scattering channels Chapter characteristics coherent detection coherent lightwave system coherent optical receiver components corresponding detection scheme digit interval dispersion DPSK electric field energy equal equation erbium-doped fiber amplifiers error probability evaluated Figure filter frequency shift Gaussian Hence heterodyne detection homodyne detection IEEE IEEE/OSA incoming optical signal influence input laser amplifiers length Lett lightwave communications lightwave systems Lightwave Techn loss modulating signal multichannel nonlinear effects nonlinear lightwave system optical amplifiers optical oscillator optical power optical transmitter optical-fiber parameters phase modulation phase noise phase shift photodetector photodiode photons polarization propagation PSK signals pump signal R₁ Raman amplification Raman amplifiers ratio realization receiver sensitivity refractive index resonator scattered signal self-phase modulation semiconductor laser signal power single-mode optical fiber soliton pulses soliton regime spectral linewidth spontaneous emission stimulated Raman scattering term thermal noise transmission system variance voltage width