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apically and bear a small pad and claw; the claw curves distad of the apex of the pad.

Females. This sex closely recalls the male and while it is equally as variable it appears to be less frequently confusing with the subspecies muhsami.

The elongate scutum, from one fourth to one third longer than wide, posteriorly tapers gradually to a more or less narrow point. Scutal punctations are much like those of the male, and while they are frequently somewhat larger and less numerous than those of the male they are distinguishable from the consistently large and sparse punctations of muhsami. The cervical grooves gradually converge to the scutal midlength and thence diverge towards the posterolateral margins but do not reach these margins.

The palpal outline is like that of the male except that it is more elongate, the length of segment 3 more nearly equalling that of segment 2 than it does in the male; and the basal spur ventrally is absent or extremely reduced in the form of a bluntly rounded projection. The lateral margin, which as in the male is typically straight or slightly convex, is actually more readily and definite_ ly usable as a diagnostic character because of its greater length; while this margin is very slightly concave in some specimens these are unusual. The basis capituli is definitely wider and shorter than that of the male and bears shorter cornua.

Coxal and tarsal characters are like those of the male; in spite of some variation they are not likely to be confused with most specimens of the related subspecies. In considering the female coxal spur as minute and the tarsus as "stout", Nuttall and Warburton (1915) must have been referring to specimens of muhsami

The body form of unengorged females is typically elongate and comparatively narrow, as in males, though the overall size is some what larger. Engorged females may become so large in the latter hours of feeding that superficially they resemble typical boophilid females.

The larvae and nymph of this species, but not definitely referable to this subspecies, have been described by Nuttall and Warburton (1915).

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Figures 150 and 151, o, dorsal and ventral views Figures 152 and 153, g, dorsal and ventral views

HAEMAPHY SALIS LEACHII MUHSAMI

Sudan Specimens from White tailed Mongoose

PLATE XLV

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HAEMAPHY SAL IS LEACHII MUHSAMI Santos Dias, 1954(E)

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Bahr El Ghazal: 1200, 400, black-legged mongoose, Galual Nyang Forest, 27 May 1953, E. T. M. Reid legit. lo, same host and collec tor, Yirol, 22 January 1954. 500, Atelerix pruneri oweni, Galual Nyang Forest, 24 February, 1953, H. Hoogstraal legit. To, 10,

Atelerix pruneri oweni, Majan Yom, 2 May 1953, E. T. M. Reid legit.
1200, 600, "small rodent burrowing in termite mound", Waynjok,
N. W. Gogrial, April, 1953, W. Dees legit. lọ, tiang, Damaliscus
korrigum tiang, Galual-Nyang Forest, April, 1953, E. T. M. Reid
legit. 200, leopard, 36 miles south of Yirol, 18 January, 1953,
E. T. M. Reid legit. lo, domestic cat, Galual-Nyang Forest,
March 1953, and 400, same host, Wau, October, 1953, both SVS.

Blue Nile: 500, 300, "mongoose", Wad Medani, 29 November 1950, D. J. Lewis legit (SCC).

Khartoum: 406, "fox", Khartoum, 9 January 1918, R. Cottam legit (SCC).

DISTRIBUTION

The subspecies muhsami occurs in all areas of the Ethiopian Faunal Region, including the mountains of the Yemen in south western Arabia. We have not seen it in Egypt. The data will be published subsequently in a series of reports on Africa haema physalids.

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HOST S

The subspecies muhsami is especially common on small carnivores such as mongooses, genets, civets, and wild cats. It seldom attacks wild or domestic canines or wild antelopes. Usually smal ler numbers are found on mole rats, shrews, hedgehogs and hares; the possibility that certain of these may represent separate forms is being studied. Full data will be presented in the report men tioned under DISTRIBUTION above.

BIOLOGY

This subject requires study, especially in relation to that of the subspecies leachii.

Unstudied.

DISEASE RELATIONS

REMARKS

As already indicated, Theiler and the writer have been studying variation in this species for some years and the final report is nearing completion. Recent material sent by Santos Dias to Theiler for identification, and returned with the note that this was typical of what we were provisionally referring to as "H. near indicaTM pending completion of our studies, was utilized as the type series for the "species" muhsami. These specimens and their description and illustration correspond with what we have been considering as the H. leachii near indica" of Theiler (1943B). Subsequent TheilerSantos Dias correspondence, however, indicates that the latter worker considers muhsami as a separate species, separate and distinct from "near indica". Recently (November 1955) Dr. J. Bequaert has kindly sent me his paratype specimens of "H. muhsami" and study of these confirms the already mentioned Theiler viewpoint.

Santos Dias (1954C) reports a nymph of "H. muhsami" from a tchagra shrike in Mozambique. The likelihood that this is actual ly a specimen of H. hoodi hoodi should be considered.

IDENTIFICATION

H. leachii muhsami in some instances intergrades with H. 1. leachii and these specimens may be difficult or impossible to separate to subspecies. Criteria for separating this species from others are established in the key and under IDENTIFICATION of H. leachii and in the latter section the characters differen tiating the two subspecies are also noted. Results of a longterm study of this subject will be presented subsequently. Here, only a brief resume of the characters separating H. leachii muhsami from the nominal subspecies is provided.

Males. These ticks are smaller and their scutal outline is wider than that of the subspecies leachii. Scutal punctations are only moderate in number and are generally fairly large and shallow. In outline, the palpal outlines of the two are quite similar except that the lateral margin of muhsami is slightly concave though in exceptional specimens it may be straight and even more uncommonly it may be very slightly convex. The ventral retrograde spur of palpal segment 3 notably is like that of leachii,

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