*With 1 o R. simus senegalensis. This is the only collection seen from anywhere in Africa in which typical specimens of both subspecies have been found on a single host.

King (1926) stated that R. s. simus occurs throughout Equatoria, Bahr El Ghazal, Upper Nile, Blue Nile, Kordofan, and Kassala Provinces and that it had at that time only recently established itself in Northern Province where proper conditions of humidity for its development prevailed around newly installed pumps and basin irri_ gation. King apparently had no Darfur Province records for this species.

Sudan localities from which specimens of the glossy tick have been seen are:

Bahr El Ghazal: Galual Nyang Forest (hyena, black legged mongoose, leopard, lion, buffalo, and warthog; domestic dogs; old male baboons infested with as many as two hundred adult specimens; 200, 200 engorging on men; SVS, HH). Jur River (hippopotamus; SVS). Lau (cattle; SGC). Fanjak (domestic dogs and cattle; SVS, HH).

Wau (domestic pigs; SVS). Kenisa (numerous specimens from elephants; SGC). Several localities near Yirol (elephants; SVS). Yirol (hyena and cane rat; SVS).

Upper Nile: Duk Fadiat (wild pig and warthog; SVS). Ako bo Post lion; SGC). Maban (cattle and goats; SVS). Pariak (cattle; SVS). Kaka (roan antelope; SGC). Bor (domestic dogs; HH, leopard; SGC). Malakal (domestic dogs; HH).

Blue Nile: Roseires (cattle; SGC).

Darfur: Zalingei (camels and horses; SVS). Kulme, Wadi Oribo (fox; SMNH).

Kordofan: Tabanga (pigs; SGC). Talodi (cattle and pony; SGC). "Western Jebels" (cattle; SVS).

Khartoum: No records.7

Northern: Letti Basin (fox; SGC). Shendi (bull; SVS, sheep; SGC). These populations are probably quite restricted.

DISTRIBUTION

R. s. simus ranges throughout the Ethiopian Faunal Region. In West Africa, it is more or less widely replaced by the subspecies senegalensis. The Arabian range of the glossy tick, as mapped by the American Geographical Society (1954), should be limited to the mountains of the Yemen.

WEST AFRICA: Early records should be checked against R. simus senegalensis. The range of R. s. simus in West Africa Is im perfectly known. NIGERIA (Simpson 1912A,B. Unsworth 1949,1952. Mettam 1950). SIERRA LEONE (Neumann 1901,1911. Simpson 1913). TO GO (Neumann 1901,1911. Ziemann 1909). GOLD COAST (Simpson 1914. Beal 1920. Stewart 1934). IVORY COAST (Neumann 1901). PORTUGESE GUINEA (Tendeiro 1946A,B,1948,1951A,E,1952C,D,E,1954: wherever *Specimens referred to as R. simus by Simpson (1912A, p. 325) are actually R. simus senegalensis. They were determined as R. simus falcatus by Nuttall and Warburton. These specimens are in British Museum (Natural History) collections.

illustrated the specimens appear to resemble the subspecies senegal ensis rather than simus). FRENCH WEST AFRICA (Neumann 1911. Rousse lot 1953B. See also Sudan below. Theiler states (correspondence) that her extensive Senegal collections are all typical R. s. simus). NOTE: Tonelli-Rondelli's (1938) reports from Sierra Leone, Togo, and Gold Coast are probably repetitions from Neumann.7

CENTRAL AFRICA: CAMEROONS (Neumann 1902A. Zumpt 1943A. Rageau 1951,1953A,B). FRENCH EQUATORIAL AFRICA (Rousselot 1951, 1953B). BELGIAN CONGO and RUANDA URUNDI (Newstead, Dutton, and Todd 1907. Massey 1908. Nuttall and Warburton 1916. Roubaud

and Van Saceghem 1916. Schwetz 1927,1932. Bequaert 1930A,B, 1931. Zumpt 1943A. Bouvier 1945. Wanson, Richard, and Toubac 1947. Schoenaers 1951A,B. Rousselot 1953B. Theiler and Robin son 1954. Van Vaerenbergh 1954).

EAST AFRICA: SUDAN The synonymous R. shipleyi from "Soudan" (Neumann 1902A) refers either to the Sudan or to French West Africa, King (1908,1911,1926). Zumpt (1943A). Weber (1948). Hoogstraal (1954B)-7

ETHIOPIA (As R. simus, R. hilgerti, and R. erlangeri: Neumann 1902A,B,1911,1913,1922. Stella 1938A,1939A,B,1940. Roetti 1939. Zumpt 1943A. Charters 1946. D'Ignazio and Mira 1949). ERITREA (Stella 1939A, 1940). FRENCH SOMALILAND (Hoogstraal 1953D). ITALIAN SOMALILAND (Paoli 1916. Franchini 1926,1927,1929C,E. Veneroni 1928. Niro 1935. Stella 1938A,1939A,1940). BRITISH SOMALILAND (Drake-Brockman 1913B. Stella 1938A,1939A,1940).

KENYA (AS R. perpulcher and R. praetextatus: Gerstacker 1873. As "R. perpulcher from Mombas, Zanzibar": Neumann 1904. As R. ecinctus; Neumann 1908,1922. Neumann 1911,1912,1913,1922. Neave 1912. Loveridge 1923D. Anderson 1924A,B. Lewis 1931A,B,C, 1932A,B,1934,1943,1950. Brassey-Edwards 1932. Walker 1932. Daubney 1933,1934,1936B. Daubney and Hudson 1934. Kauntze 1934.

Roberts 1935. Fotheringham and Lewis 1937. Mulligan 1938.
"Kenya Vet. Serv." 1939A,B,1940, 1947,1949,1951,1952. Lewis and
Fotheringham 1941. Zumpt 1943A. Lewis, Piercy, and Wiley 1946.
Dick and Lewis 1947. Weber 1948. Beaumont 1949. Heisch 1950B.
Binns 1951,1952. van Someren 1951. Wilson 1953. Wiley 1953.
Lumsden 1955).

1

UGANDA (A. Theiler 1910A. Bruce et al 1911. Neave 1912. Neumann 1922. Richardson 1930. Mettam 1932. Carmichael 1934. Wilson 1948B,C,1950C. Lucas 1954).

TANGANYIKA (Neumann 1901,19070,1910B,1911. Morstatt 1913. Loveridge 1923A. Bequaert 1930A. Allen and Loveridge 1933. Moreau 1933. Evans 1935. Cornell 1936. Zumpt 1943A. J. B. Walker, unpublished, see various parts of HOSTS section below).

SOUTHERN AFRICA: ANGOLA (Manetti 1920. Sousa Dias 1950.
Santos Dias 1950C). MOZAMBIQUE (Howard 1908,1911, larval iden
tification in 1908 paper open to question. As R. ecinctus:
Howard 1909B. Sant'Anna 1911.
Sant'Anna 1911. Theiler 1943B. Zumpt 1943A.
Santos Dias 1947B,1952D,H,1953C,1954A,H,1955A).

NORTHERN RHODESIA (Neave 1912. Le Roux 1934,1937,1947. Matthysse 1954. Theiler and Robinson 1954). SOUTHERN RHODESIA (Robertson 1904B. Edmonds and Bevan 1914. Bevan 1920. Jack 1921,1928,1937,1942. Lawrence 1942). Lawrence 1942). NYASALAND (01d 1909.

Neave 1912. De Meza 1918A. Davey and Newstead 1921. Zumpt 1943A. Wilson 1943,1945,1946,1950B).

SOUTHWEST AFRICA

BECHUANALAND (Theiler, unpublished). (Trommsdorff 1913,1914. See immature HOSTS below). UNION OF SOUTH AFRICA (Koch 1844. Neumann 1901,1911. Lounsbury 1903A, 1904A,B,1905B,1906C. Robertson 1904. A. Theiler and Stockman 1904. A. Theiler 1905B,1909B,19118,1912A,1921. Howard 1908. Galli-Valerio 1909B. Speiser 1909. Speiser 1909. A. Theiler and Christy 1910. Dönitz 1910B. Moore 1912. Van Saceghem 1914. Breijer 1915. Bedford 1920, 1926,1929,1932,1934,1936. Cowdry 1925B,C, 1926A,1927. R. du Toit, Graf, and Bekker 1941. Curson 1928. Cooley 1934. Bedford and Graf 1935,1939. R. du Toit 1942B,C, 1947. Zumpt 1943A. Zumpt and Glajchen 1950. Meeser 1952).

OUTLYING ISLANDS: ZANZIBAR (Neave 1912. Aders 1917). SEYCHELLES (Desai 1952).

MADAGASCAR: Neumann (1901,1911). Poisson (1927). TonelliRondelli (1938). Buck (1948A) indicated that this species ("Haemaphysalis simus") is not established on Madagascar. Hoogstraal (1953E)./