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and corals, combined with correct climatic conditions, are ad mirably suited to tick infestation (cf. page 145), but Duruma sandstones, grits of the karroo, and limestone and shale areas are less suitable. Many huts seem to have been infested by visitors traveling from infested areas with blankets (cf. pages 145 and 180) for social purposes, funerals, shopping, and during troop movements.

One of the most interesting aspects of this study is the correlation of infestation with definite climatic conditions. The coastal area, with over fifty inches of rainfall annually and with average hut floor RH of 88% and temperature of 77.8°F., is almost entirely devoid of ticks. Infested areas are those with thirty to fifty inches of rainfall annually and with hut floor RH averaging 83.3%, apparently the optimum for the tampan (consideration of ticks above the floor level, in niches with different RH, or seeking certain conditions with greater or lesser RH within the huts is not attempted). The tick free hinterland receives about 35 inches of rainfall annually; here the hut floor RH is 79% and the average temperature 78.4°F. (cf. pages 137,156 and 157).

Clearly, this study represents the first generalized attempt to correlate tick infestation with climatic factors and tribal customs and habits. The incidence of spirochete infected ticks is also noted. It should be of some significance to determine just how far ticks will endeavor to seek out niches with varying microclimates in an infested structure and what the optimum and threshold conditions are.

TENDEIRO (1955). Mozambique. Review of previous reports from colony.

SCHULZE (1955). Discussion of metabolic products.

LOVETT (1956). Somaliland. Summary: "Tick-borne relapsing fever, formerly common, has been eradicated in the Somaliland Protectorate by planned and systematic destruction of the vector, 0. moubata, by a programme of spraying of all human dwellings with a water dis persible preparation of gammexane (P.520). The last indigenous case was seen in September, 1952. It is considered that the danger of reintroduction of the disease is small as 0. moubata tend to pass their lives in or near their hatching place, with little tendency for dissemination, so that they are unlikely to become re-established

in the settlements that have been cleared by spraying."

Whether this surmise is sustained by future experience will be interesting to which for. O. savignyi is considered of no epidemiological significance and the indoor and outdoor habitats of the two spe cies are strictly localized in Somaliland, except for the soil under one large shade tree in town, which yielded large numbers of 0. moubata. Persons sleeping under this tree contracted relapsing fever from the bites of 0. moubata.

ORNITHODOROS SAVIGNYI

FRANCHINI (1927). Ethiopia, common in eastern lowlands.

GRIMALDI (1934). Libya, Eritrea, Ethiopia, and Somalia; records. TENDEIRO (1955). Mozambique. Unsubstantiated review of previous reports from colony.

SCHULZE (1955). Discussion of metabolic products.

LOVETT (1956). Somaliland. See 0. moubata above.

ORNITHODOROS THOLOZANI

WILLCOCKS (1922). Egypt. Introduction of nymphs into Cairo among hair on humps of camels from Sinai. Specimens seen by HH in British Museum (Natural History).

AMBLY OMMA COHAERENS

HOSTS (page 213). Uganda. A o specimen from an elephant,
West Nile Province, seen in Veterinary Service collection,
Entebbe.

AMBLYOMMA LEPIDUM

GRIMALDI (1934). Eritrea, Ethiopia, and Somalia; records.

AMBLY OMMA MARMOREUM (group)

GRIMALDI (1934). Somalia and Ethiopia; records.

TENDEIRO (1955). Mozambique. Review of previous reports from colony.

THEILER (Correspondence). Preliminary study of a large amount of African material indicates that populations in the Sudan may be referrable to A. schlottkei Schulze, 1932(A), originally described from two males without host data from Tanganyika.

AMBLYOMMA NUTTALLI

TENDEIRO (1955). Mozambique. Review of previous reports from colony.

LOVERIDGE (Correspondence). Cf. Pelusios s. sinuatus as a host (last paragraph, page 235). This aquatic turtle suns itself on logs and must be an exceedingly uncommon host of ticks AMBLY OMMA POMPOSUM

AMBLY OMMA THOLLONI

AMBLY OMMA RHINOCEROTIS

TENDEIRO (1955). Mozambique. Review of previous reports from colony.

SCHULZE (1955). Discussion of metabolic products of A. rhino

cerotis.

AMBLYOMMA VARIEGATUM

GRIMALDI (1934). Eritrea, Ethiopia, and Somalia, records; that from Hodeida, Yemen, undoubtedly from cattle brought for slaughter or mislabelled locality.

TENDEIRO (1955). Mozambique. Review of previous reports from colony.

Presence of Amblyomma ticks in Europe (cf. page 266). Specimens from southern France are no less unusual than that of the South African species, A. hebraeum, from a cow in southern Bulgaria (Pavlov and Popov 1951). This tick is presumed to have arrived in Europe as an immature stage on a migrant bird. Such individuals probably seldom if ever survive the winter or find mates.

APONⱭMMA EXORNATUM

APONOMMA LATUM

TENDEIRO (1955). Mozambique. Review of previous reports on both species from colony.

BOOPHILUS ANNULATUS

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SAMPAIO & FAIA (1952A,B) and SAMPAIO, DA CRUZ, & FAIA (1952,1953). Portugal. Boutonneuse fever (R. conorii). The first two papers give laboratory findings and generalized remarks on increasing incidence and geographical distribution of dis ease in Portugal. In the third, a strain of the rickettsia from Boophilus ticks is reported; the authors believe that these ticks may play a role in transmitting the organism to human beings. The last is a brief statement that the rickettsia is transmitted by the bite of R. sanguineus and has been isolated from Boophilus ticks that had been in the laboratory for two years. The significance of this finding would appear to be more in the line of a reservoir host than a vector - HH 7.

BOOPHILUS DECOLORATUS

LAHILLE (1914). Argentina. Two females, presumably this spe
cies, found on camels brought to Buenos Aires from the
Canary Islands. These may form the basis of Minning's
(1934) record, though it cannot be determined whether
or not Minning examined the material.

GRIMALDI (1934). Eritrea, collecting locality. Not listed from Ethiopia or Somalia.

TENDEIRO (1955). Mozambique. Review of previous reports from colony.

SCHULZE (1955). Discussion of metabolic products.

BOOPHILUS MICROPLUS

HITCHCOCK (1955). Australia. Life cycle (cf. page 321). Details of cycle on hosts.

TENDEIRO (1955). Mozambique. As B. fallax: review of previous reports from colony.

DERMACENTOR C. CIRCUMGUTTATUS

VAN VAERENBERGH (1954). Belgian Congo. Record of specimens. TENDEIRO (1955). Mozambique. Review of previous reports from colony. Subspecies here is cunhasilvae.

DERMACENT OR RHINOCERINUS

GRIMALDI (1934). Somaliland. Obbia, collecting locality.

TENDEIRO (1955). Mozambique. Review of previous reports from colony.

HOSTS (page 335): One male from cattle, locality unstated, in Uganda; seen in collections (Number 309) of Uganda Veterinary Service, Entebbe.

HAEMAPHYSALIS ACICULIFER

TENDEIRO (1955). Mozambique. Review of previous reports from colony.

MOREL, P. (1956 correspondence). French West Africa. Occurs in Senegal across the east point of Gambia, on bushbuck, reed buck, oribi, gray mongoose, and civet.

HAEMAPHY SALIS HOODI HOODI

TENDEIRO (1955). Mozambique. Review of previous reports from colony.

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