Elements of X-ray DiffractionIntended to acquaint the reader with the theory of x-ray diffraction, the experimental methods involved, and the main applications. The book is a collection of principles and methods stressing X-ray diffraction rather than metallurgy. The book is written entirely in terms of the Bragg law and can be read without any knowledge of the reciprocal lattice. It is divided into three main parts— Fundamentals; experimental methods; and applications. Designed for beginners, not as a reference tool for the advanced reader. |
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Page 3
Bernard Dennis Cullity. 1 Properties of X - rays 1-1 INTRODUCTION X - rays were discovered in 1895 by the German physicist Roentgen and were so named because their nature was unknown at the time . Unlike ordinary light , these rays were ...
Bernard Dennis Cullity. 1 Properties of X - rays 1-1 INTRODUCTION X - rays were discovered in 1895 by the German physicist Roentgen and were so named because their nature was unknown at the time . Unlike ordinary light , these rays were ...
Page 83
... rays are proceeding in the original direction ? On this front , the electric vector of ray 2 has its maximum value at the instant shown , but that of ray 3 is zero . The two rays are therefore out of phase . If we add these two ...
... rays are proceeding in the original direction ? On this front , the electric vector of ray 2 has its maximum value at the instant shown , but that of ray 3 is zero . The two rays are therefore out of phase . If we add these two ...
Page 85
... rays l ′ and 3 ′ by two wavelengths , rays 1 ' and 4 ' by three wavelengths , and so on throughout the crystal . The rays scattered by all the atoms in all the planes are therefore completely in phase and reinforce one another ...
... rays l ′ and 3 ′ by two wavelengths , rays 1 ' and 4 ' by three wavelengths , and so on throughout the crystal . The rays scattered by all the atoms in all the planes are therefore completely in phase and reinforce one another ...
Contents
Geometry of Crystals | 32 |
Chapter 3 | 81 |
EXPERIMENTAL METHODS | 147 |
Copyright | |
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Common terms and phrases
absorption coefficient alloy atomic number austenite back-reflection body-centered Bragg angle Bragg law Bravais lattice calculated camera chart circle collimator constant copper cosē counter counting rate cubic curve Debye ring Debye-Scherrer decreases determined diffracted beam diffraction lines diffraction pattern diffractometer diffractometer axis direction effect electron energy equation error example face-centered face-centered cubic factor film filter given grain hexagonal incident beam indices integrated intensity Kẞ lattice parameter Laue method Laue spot martensite measured metal normal obtained orthorhombic parallel percent phase photographic pinhole pole figure position powder pattern preferred orientation proportional pulses random rays reciprocal lattice reflecting planes relative rotation sample scattering sheet shown in Fig shows slit solid solution spacing specimen spectrometer stereographic projection structure substance surface symmetry temperature tetragonal texture thickness transmission twin unit cell vector voltage wave wavelength x-ray beam x-ray diffraction x-ray tube zone