zeux, xosr; but in the Cornish, huerthin, quare, huibanat, huero, hui, hor, we know then very easily that the Cornish is changed. For the like passages are never thus turned by the people of the Welsh Guenez and the people of Lezou have learned from them." It seems, then, that the Welsh and Armoric & has been in Cornish changed into h; but a in some languages is either turned into s, or pronounced as such, as in Serse, Alessandro, Xabon, Xeringa, instead of Xerxes, Alexander, sapo, syrina. By applying this rule to the Welsh, its a will then be to be only considered as a differently shaped s, the hissing sound of which was afterwards changed for a cognate aspirate in Cornish, Next to the f and v, there is not a letter that more often supplies the place of the digamma in Greek than 8, thus, äλs, sal; èkvpòs, socer; epπw, serpo; vλn, sylva; vs, sus, &c. It is rightly observed in Valpy's Greek Grammar, p. 193, "The aspirate is generally expressed in Latin by s," or, in other words, that the aspirate becomes s, and that at a further remove it may be written, if not pronounced, a. It is therefore a striking affinity that Cornish and common Greek should have removed the s to compensate it by an aspirate. But there is still another point of view. The Cornish bears nearly the same relation to Welsh, or its derivate, which the common tongue of Greece does to the diction of Homer. The old Greeks and the language of Guench wrote their words complete, which in cognate dialects, and at more recent periods, were truncated of their digammas. The Cornish and the common Greek are therefore nothing but modernised forms of the two more ancient languages. There are no languages that have not some sounds which are common and the same in each, and therefore since the disappearance of the digammatic s is so evident in Cornish, the parallel in Greek must have happened from the same cause, a difficulty of pronouncing the s; so that this structure of Cornish words, as remarked by Mr. Lluyd, materially confirms the conjectures of former critics concerning the Homeric digamma. These are a few of the numerous aspects under which words appear to have been corrupted in different languages. I have treated the subject only cursorily, and no farther than my present object required, that I might vindicate myself from the imputation of having been perhaps whimsical in some of my derivations. It is, however, of that importance in a philological point of view, and is calculated to throw so much light on the origin, the pursuits, and the history of nations, that it would deserve to be discussed in a separate essay, and by a more learned, acute, and able pen than mine. It is, however, with reluctance that I close my observations on this part of the subject. D. IN EURIPIDEM COMMENTARII Joannis SEAGER, A. B. Bicknor. Wallicæ in comitatu Monumethia Rectoris. No. II. [Continued from No. XXXIX, p. 87.] Iphig. in Taur. v. 1288. UNTIUS. "Ωνα ὀφύλακες, βώμιοί τ' ἐπιστάται, Θέας, ἄναξ γῆς τῆσδε, ποῦ κυρεῖ βεβώς ; * Εξω μελάθρων τῶνδε κοίρανον χθονός. Chorus. Τί δ' ἐστιν; εἰ χρὴ μὴ κελευσθεῖσαν λέγειν ; En alius locus, quem, post inaues interpretum et emendatorum curas, restituisse me confido : sic enim constituo, Τί δ ̓ ἐστιν; εἴ ΜΕ χρὴ κελευσθεῖσαν λέγειν. Quid vero est? si opus sit me jussam dicere. (Thoanti scilt.)—ut, si jubear, possim Thoanti dicere, quid sit, quare illo convento opus est tibi. Iphig. in Taur. v. 1383 et 1389. Pyladem et Orestem qui jam navem conscendissent, in Græciam e Taurica Chersoneso reversuri, alloquitur signum quod secum rapuissent : Τόδ' οὐρανοῦ πέσημα, τῆς Διὸς κόρης Atqui Dianæ statua cum Pylade et Oreste non navigaverat. Reponendum profecto, ΕΧΕΤΕ γὰρ ὧνπερ οὖνεκ' Εὔξενον πόρον Συμπληγάδων ἔσωθεν ΕΙΣΕΠΛΕΥΣΑΤΕ. Iphigenia in Tauris. v. 1414. Nuntius Thoantem, Tauricæ tyrannum, certiorem facit, Pyladen et Orestem, rapta Dianæ statua, cum Iphigenia in altum provectos esse; additque, ̓Αλλ ̓ ἕρπε, δεσμὰ καὶ βρόχους λαβὼν χεροῖν· Εἰ μὴ γὰρ οἶδμα νήνεμον γενήσεται, Σεμνὸς Ποσειδῶν, Πελοπίδαις τ ̓ ἐναντίος. Troja inimicus fuerat Neptunus: sed si maxime dilexisset, tunc ejus non potuit curam gerere, quæ jam ante perierat: Le gendum igitur puto, Πόντου δ ̓ ἀνάκτως ̔ΙΛΕΩΣ Σ' ἐπισκοπεῖ, Rer maris tibi faret, propitius est ;—te placido lumine videt. Prima syllaba τοῦ ἵλεως longa est in Iphig. Taur. v. 271. Iphigenia in Tauris. v. 1470. Τάσδε δ' ἐκπέμπειν χθονὸς ̔Ελληνίδας γυναῖκας ἐξεφίεμαι Γνώμης δικαίας, οἵνεκ ̓ ἐκσώσασά σε, Canterus, probante Marklando, legit ἐξέσωσα, quod probat et Heathius, qui omnia credit fore integra, si plene distinguatur post οὖνεκ', ita ut hæc particula cum γνώμης δικαίας jungatur, et ad Græcas mulieres, ex quibus constabat chorus, referatur. Restituo itaque, Τάσδε δ ̓ ἐκπέμπειν χθονὸς ̔Ελληνίδας γυναῖκας ἐξεφίεμαι, Γνώμης δικαίας, οὖνεκ'· ἐξέσωσα ΔΕ Καὶ πρίν Σ ̓ ̓Αρείοις ἐν πάγοις, ψήφους ἴσας Κρίνασ', Ορέστα, καὶ, νόμισμ' εἰς ταὐτό γε, Νικάτ', (pro νικάτω) ἰσήρεις ὅστις ἂν ψήφους λάβῃ. Rhesus. v. 43. Πυραίθει στρατὸς ̓Αβγόλας, Εκτορ, Πᾶσαν ἀν ̓ ὄρφναν, Quia fuvii διϊπετεῖς dicuntur, ea re idem epitheton adjungit Euris pides stationibus navium, quæ ad ostia Huviorum Trojanorum erant. Rhesus. v. 304. ̔Ορῶ δὲ ̔Ρῆσον, ὥστε δαίμονα, Εστῶτ ̓ ἐν ἵπποις Θρηκίοις τ ̓ ὀχήμασιν. Χρυσῆ δὲ πλάστιγξ αὐχένα ζυγηφόρων Πώλων ἔκλης, χιόνος ἐξαυγεστέρων. Πλάστιγξ Hesychio est μάστιξ. Malim itaque Χρυσῆ δὲ πλάσε τιγξ αὐχένα ζυγηφόρων Πώλων ΕΠΛΗΞΕ χιόνος ἐξαυγεστέρων. γῆς. Rhesus. v. 323. ̓Αλλ ̓ οὐδὲν αὐτῶν δεόμεθ', οἵτινες πάλαι Μὴ ξυμπονῶσιν, ἡνίκ ̓ ἐξώστης"Αρης Εφαυσε λαίφη τῆσδε γῆς μέγας πνέων. Inter alias conjecturas poni potuisset, "ΕΘΛΑΣΣΕ λαίφη τῆσδε Rhesus v. 480. Rhesus. Οὐ τούσδ' ἀριστέας φασὶν Ελλήνων μολεῖν ; Passiva voce legendum videtur, Κοὐ μεμφόμεσθά γ', ἀλλὰ δὴν ΕΛΑΥΝΟΜΕΘ'. Rhes. v. 600. ἄνδρα δ ̓ οὐ πέπυσθε σύμμαχον Τροίᾳ μολόντα Ρῆσον, οὐ φαύλῳ τρόπῳ ; Οὔτε σφ ̓ ̓Αχιλλέως, οὔτ ̓ ἂν Αἴαντος δόρυ, او او Οὔτε σφ' Αχιλλέως οὔτ ̓ ἂν Αἴαντος δόρυ, Σὺ ταῦτ ̓ ἔδρασας· οὐδέν ̓ ἂν δεξαίμεθα Οὔθ ̓ οἱ θανόντες, οὔτ ̓ ἂν οἱ τετρωμένοι, "Αλλον μακροῦ γε δεῖ σε, καὶ σοφοῦ λόγου, Fors. οὐδέν ̓ ἂν ΜΕΜΨΑΙΜΕΘΑ Οὔθ ̓ οἱ θανόντες, οὔτ ̓ ἂν οἱ τετρωμένοι, Αλλον Rhesus. v. 871. Ποῖ δὲ τράπωμαι δεσποτῶν μονούμενος ; Leg. Ποῖ ΔΗ τράπωμαι δεσποτῶν μονούμενος ; Rhesus. v. 875. Ολοιθ ̓ ὁ δράσας· οὐ γὰρ εἰς σὲ τείνεται Γλῶσσ ̓, ὡς σὺ κομπεῖς· Pereat qui fecit. Cum enim te insontem jactes, ad te verba mea non pertinent. Rhesus. v. 945. Rhesi mortem Minervæ exprobrans Musa, Καίτοι (ait) πόλιν σὴν σύγγονοι πρεσβεύομεν Μοῦσαι μάλιστα, καπιχρώμεθα χθονι, Μυστηρίων τε τῶν ἀποῤῥήτων φάνας Εδειξεν ̓Ορφεύς, αὐτανέψιος νεκροῦ Τοῦδ', οἵνεκα κτείνασα, Μουσαῖόν τε, σὸν Σεμνὸν πολίτην. Reiskius conjicit Τοῦδ' ὃν γελᾶς κτείνασα. Heathius Τοῦδ' ὃν νῦν ἔκτεινας σύ.—Verisimilius puto Τοῦδ' ὋΝ ΚΑΤΕΚΤΑΝΕΣ ΣΥ, Μουσαῖόν τε, σὸν Σεμνὸν πολίτην. Rhesus. v. 975. Βαιὸν δὲ πένθος τῆς θαλασσίας θεοῦ Οἴσω· θανεῖν γὰρ καὶ τὸν ἐκ κείνης χρεών. VOL. XX. Cl. J. NO. XL. Fors. Βαιὸν δὲ πένθος τῆς θαλασσίας θεοῦ ΕΙΣΩ. Videbo. Sentiam. Sciam. vid. H. Steph. Thes. I. 1103.g.] Debuit esse ecoμαι. Ed.] Troades. v. 633. Τὸ μὴ γενέσθαι, τῷ θανεῖν ἴσον λέγω· Τοῦ ζῇν δὲ λυπρῶς κρεῖσσόν ἐστι κατθανεῖν. Vera lectio: ΑΡΓΕΙ γὰρ, οὐδὲν τῶν κακῶν ἠσθημένος. ἀργεῖ, Quiescit. Otiatur. οὐδὲν adverbialiter pro οὐδαμῶς. Troades. v. 721. ̓Αλλ' ὡς γενέσθαι, καὶ σοφωτέρα φανῇ, Μήτ' ἀντέχου τοῦ γ', εὐγενῶς δ ̓ ἄλγει κακοῖς, Μήτε σθένουσα μηδὲν ἰσχύειν δόκει. Tollenda subdistinctio post γενέσθαι. Constructio enim est Αλλ' (ὡς φανῇ γενέσθαι καὶ σοφωτέρα) Μήτ ̓ ἀντέχου τοῦ γ', κ. τ. λ. καὶ abundat, ut sæpe. Troades. v. 1051. Οὐκ ἔστ ̓ ἐραστὴς, ὅστις οὐκ ἀεὶ φιλεῖ. Qui vere amavit, amabit semper. Illam amare nunquam de sines. Troades. v. 1173. Δύστηνε κρατὸς, (Astyanactis) ὥς σ ̓ ἔκειρεν ἀθλίως Legendum credo, ὡς σ ̓ΕΡΕΙΞΕΝ ἀθλίως Τείχη πατρῷα. Θνητῶν δὲ μῶρος, ὅστις εὖ πράσσειν δοκῶν, Πηδῶσι, κοὐδεὶς αὐτὸς εὐτυχεῖ ποτε. Heath. cum Valckenaer. Αὐτὸς εὐτυχεῖ. Attamen interpretatio mutationi præstat. Significare potest avròs, Suo marte, propriis viribus, nullis fortuna adminiculis. ό Bacchæ. v. 209. Οὐ γὰρ διῄρηχ ̓ ὁ θεὸς, εἴτε τὸν νεὸν Εχρήν χορεύειν, εἴτε τὸν γεραίτερον, ̓Αλλ ̓ ἐξ ἁπάντων βούλεται τιμὰς ἔχειν Κοινάς. δι' ἀριθμῶν δ ̓ οὐδὲν αὔξεσθαι θέλει. Forsitan δι' ἀριθμῶν ΤΟΥΡΓΟΝ αὔξεσθαι θέλει· νεί δι' ἀριθμῶν δ ̓ ΟΡΓΙ ̓ αὔξεσθαι θέλει. Baccha. v. 506. Pentheus. Λάζυσθε· καταφρονεῖ με καὶ Θήβας ὅδε. Bacch. Οὐκ οἶσθ ̓, ὅτι ζῇς, οὐδ ̓ ὁρᾷς, οὔθ ̓ ὅστις εἶ. |