On the Origins of Language: An Introduction to the Evolution of Human Speech |
Contents
Introduction | 1 |
The Comparative Method in the Study | 21 |
Basic Acoustics | 28 |
Copyright | |
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acoustic signal adult Homo sapiens adult human air pressure airflow anatomical animals approximation area function articulatory maneuvers auditory auditory system Australopithecus africanus behavior brain breath-group Broken Hill Chapelle-aux-Saints fossil Chapter chimpanzee communication complex consonant Crelin Darwin decoding discussed encoding energy Es-Skhūl evolution example F₁ factors filter formant frequencies fossil hominids fundamental frequency gestures glottal glottis graph hominids human language human larynx human listeners human newborns human speaker human speech human supralaryngeal vocal human vocal involve La Ferrassie larynx Lieberman linguistic lips mandible modern Homo sapiens msec muscles nasal Neandertal fossils Negus neural mechanisms newborn Homo sapiens newborn human nonhuman primates Note occur oral cavity particular pattern perception period pharynx phonetic features plotted in Figure primates produce second formant sentence sieve sinusoidal skull species spectrogram speech encoding speech production stop consonant studies supralaryngeal vocal tract syntax tongue tube vocal cords vowel wave waveform words