fo intractable among gentlemen of eafy morals, as a man of rigid virtue. I confefs,' faid his Grace, I do not know any thing that can be such a nuisance as a man of ftern and uncor rupt integrity, in a fociety made happy and unanimous by a participation of jobs, by mutual connivance, and the perfec equality among themselves, that arifes from a thorough conscioufness, that not one of the company is a jot better than his neighbour. I am perfectly fatisfied,' continues the Duke, that Captain Baillie, while he did great fervice to the poor penfioners, did infinitely disturb the tranquillity of the officers; and all they who are of opinion, that the government of Hofpitals, as well as that of kingdoms, was made for the pleasure of the governors, and not for the benefit of the governed, will think his conduct was atrocious. But fuch of your Lordships who may be of different fentiments, and who reflect, that the greatest reformers have rarely been men of the best tempers, will pity the imperfections of human virtue; and will think Captain Baillie's morofenefs rather the object of reprimand, than of the utmoft punishment the Admiralty had the power to inflict. They ought to have commended and feconded his zeal, and exhorted him to more conciliatory manners; and not have deprived him of his office with difgrace, while they continue to employ, truft, and caress a recorded cheat, who triumphs in the deftruction of Captain Baillie.' In fine, the noble Orator acknowledges his perfuafion, that after the difputes which have arifen among the officers and penfioners, it would be impoffible for Captain Baillie to lead an happy life in Greenwich Hofpital ;'-yet, in confideration that he has been very meritorious in detecting the cruel frauds of the Contractor for butchers meat, and profecuting him to conviction; that he has been at all times the true friend of the penfioners; that he has brought to light many abuses; that he has got many abufes rectified; and that the profecution of others has occafioned his being haraffed with expenfive fuits in Weftminfter-Hall, and his illegal difmiffion from his office,-his Grace recommends that fome provifion be made for him, such as his Majefty fhall think adequate to his defert-fuch as Lord Sandwich himself thought him deferving of, fubfequent to every complaint which has been alleged against Captain Baillie *. Lord Sandwich acknowledged, to Mr. Murphy, in a conversation relative to a plan for the difmiffion of the Lieutenant Governor by refignation (fome time before he was turned out, without any equivalent or compenfation whatever), that " he believed there might be a great deal of right, and a great deal of wrong in Captain Baillie." Vid. Mr. Murphy's evidence at the bar of the House of Lords, p. 122 of the prefent publication. Nothing Nothing, however, has yet, that we have heard of, been done for Mr. Baillie, in the way of recompence for the great lefs that he hath fuftained by his difmiffion from his poft. It appears, from a letter printed at the end of this volume, that the Captain hath humbly requested the command of a ship,his health being fuch as would, he hoped, enable him again. to serve his Majefty: but we do not understand that he hath been fuccefsful in his application. The letter bears date in June 1779. FOREIGN LITERATURE. (By our CORRESPONDENT s.) GERMANY and the NORTH. ART. I. CO. Chrift. Biel Novus THESAURUS PHILOLOGICUS, five LEXICON in LXX. et alios Interpretes et Scriptores Apocryphos VETERIS TESTAMENTI, ex Autoris B. Mfcto Edidit et Præfatus eft E. H. MUTZENRECHER. Pars Prima. Pars Prima. A-E. Hage Comitum Sumptibus. J. A. Bouvinck. 1779. Large 8vo. Pages 690. This learned and moft ufeful work, compofed by an adept of the first rank in Grecian and Oriental literature, will undoubtedly obtain the applaufe and encouragement it fo highly deferves. It is the pofthumous work of the learned and laborious JOHN CHRISTIAN BIEL, a native of Brunswick, who acquired a confiderable reputation, in the republic of letters, by feveral philological productions of fingular merit, by the part he had in the celebrated edition of Hefychius, published by Alberti, and by his connexions and correspondence with Leibnitz, Bentley, and many other learned men of the first class in England, Holland, and other countries. The work lay for a long time in MSS. for it was completely finished before the Author's death, which happened in the year 1745; but feveral learned men teftified their ardent defire of its publi cation, fuch as Ernefti, Michaelis, Teller, and others. This defire was founded on a specimen of the work, which was fub joined to a differtation of the Author's, publifhed in the year 1740, and the firft volume, now before us, juftifies it fully. In this work, which is much more ample and rich in materials than those of Kefler, and the other authors that are mentioned by Fabricius +, all the words that we meet with in the Septuagint, in the other Greek interpreters, and in the Apocryphal writers of the Old Teftament, are exhibited in an alphabetical * This differtation is entitled, Exercitatio de Ligno ex Libano ad Templum Hierofolymitanum ædificandum petito.-Bruniviga, 1740. † In his Bibliotheca Graca, order. order. The Author explains each word in fuch a manner, that the Reader may perceive, at first fight, what is its original meaning, and in what fignification it is employed by the abovementioned interpreters and writers. He points out its different fignifications, the Hebrew and Chaldaic terms, that bear the fame fenfe, and the ufe that the writers of the New Testament have made of it. All this is accompanied with philological and critical remarks, drawn from profane authors, concordances, gloffaries, and the beft critics and commentators, ancient and modern, which are adapted to illuftrate each word, and to ascertain its various fignifications, according to the occafions and fubjects on which it is employed. We fhall infert here a fingle article of this volume (which carries the work to the letter E inclufive), that the Reader may judge of the manner in which the learned Author has executed kis extenfive plan. 'Apern, virtus, decus, gloria, honor, laus, decus, gloria, Hab. ii. 2. ἐκάλυψεν ἐρανὸς ἡ άρετη αυτό, operuit celos gloria ejus, i. e. gloriofa potentia ejus, fapientia et bonitas e coelo undequaque ita apparent, ac fi illud opertum quafi divinis illis perfectionibus effet. Quod hic pern vocatur, Pf. xix. 1. dicitur δόξα. Apud Hefychium άρετη exponitur θεία δύναμις, divina potentia. Quæ tamen explicatio, fi ad prophetæ I. c. ibi refpicitur, uti videtur, rem non fatis exhaufit. Zach. vi. 13. καὶ αὐτὸς λήψεται άρετην, et ille afumet gloriam. Idem hic per notat, quod Pf. viii. 5, et Heb. ii. 7. dogx xal Tiμn, gloria et honor. Sic et apud poëtas Græcos apern gloriam, honorem denotat; Homerus Il. . v. 242. Ζευς δ' ἀρετὴν ἄνδρεσσιν ὀφέλλει τε μινύθει τε Hefiodus "Epy v. 311. πλέτω δ' ἀρετή και κύδος όπηδεί divitias autem honos et gloria comitatur. Confer quæ ex Plutarcho de Audiend. Poet. p. 24, notat Lamb. Bos Obferv. Critic, p. 112, laudes. Ef. xlii. 8. tav δόξαν με ἑτέρω ὁ δώσω εδε τας αρετάς με τοῖς γλυπίοις. Gloriam meam alteri non dabo, neque virtutes meas fculptilibus. El. xlii. 12. δάσεσι τῷ Θεῷ δόξαν, τὰς άρετας αυτὸ ἐν τοῖς νήσοις απαγγεί 2851, dabunt Deo gloriam, virtutes ejus in infulis annunciabunt. Ef. aliii. 21. τὸ γενος με τὸ εκλεκτόν, λαὸν με, ὃν περιεποιησάμην, όν sas apεTas μy dinyalobai, genus meum electum, populum meum, quem acquifivi, ut virtutes mcas enarret. Quorfum refpexit Petrus, I Ep. ii. 9. ὑμεῖς δε γένος ἐκλεκτον—ἐις περιποίησιν, ὅπως τας ἀρετὰς ἐξαγγείλητε, &c, vos autem eftis genus eletum,acquifitum, ut virtutes annuncietis ejus, qui ex tenebris, &c. Ef. lxiii. 7. τον ἔλεον κυρία ἐμνήσθην, τας αρετάς κυριε ἐν πᾶσιν, εἰς ἡμῖν Tarodidwar, mifericordia domini recorder et virtutum Domini in gmnibus, nn ver emnibus, quæ nobis retribuit. Sicuti autem LXX. tentes per aperas, virtutes, procul dubio intelligunt laudabiles perfectiones et proprietates Dei, ita nullus dubito, quin Petrus etiam, 1. c. eo fenfu vocem acceperit. Imo nullus dubito, quin idem Apoftolus in verbis 2 Epift. i. 3. τῇ καλέσαντις ἡμᾶς διὰ δόξης καὶ ἀρετῆς, per δόξαν καὶ ἀρεταν, gloriofas et laudibiles perfertiones Dei, amorem, mifericordiam, gratiam, veritatem intellexerit, et præpofitione dia caufam impulfivam, ut Paulus in verbis Gal. i. 15, xaλio as dia тns Xapitos aut, indigitaverit. Efth. χίν. 10. ανοιξαι στομα έθνων εις αρετάς ματαίων, ut aperiant os gentium in laudes vanorum. Sap. viii. 7. di Tova TaUTNS EIĞIY apeTai, labores ejus funt virtutes. Hefychius: 'Apern 'n Twv xanwr νομιζόμενων ἐμπειρία. Αρετή, eorum, quæ bona habentur exercitium. Lex. Cyrilli MS.Brem. 'Αρετη, πράξις ἀγαθή. ̓Αρετη, actio bona. We doubt not but this fpecimen will give fuch of our Readers, as are competent judges of a work of this kind, a favourable opinion of this excellent Lexicon. Those who have a tafte for Grecian literature, and facred erudition, will applaud the zeal of the learned Profeffor Barkey of the Hague (who appears, by the preface prefixed to this work, to have contributed much to its publication) and the labours of M. Mutzenbecher, paftor of the Lutheran church in the fame place, in whofe poffeffion the manufcript was, and who has taken great and fuccefsful pains" to render the edition correct. The preface is the work of this learned ecclefiaftic, and does honour to his erudition and critical fagacity. The bookfeller has alfo performed his part in a manner that deferves encouragement. The type is diftinct, and the paper of the best kind. We had scarcely finished this extract when we received the fecond volume of this valuable work, which contains 466 pages, and concludes with the word 'Oo. II. Memoria fopra il Sel fedativo Naturale della Toscana, &c. i. e. A Memoir concerning the native fedative Salt of Tuscany, and the Borax which is compofed by the Means of that Salt, as difcovered by Mr. HUBERT FRANCOIS HOEFFER, of Cologn, Director of the Elaboratories of the Druggifts to the Grand Duke of Tufcany, Member of the Academy of Sciences at Sienna, and of the Botanical Society at Florence. 8vo. Florence. 1778. We mention this publication rather late; but we could not omit it, now, on that account, as it contains a discovery in chemistry. Mr. HOEFFER, having procured fome bottles of the mineral water of the marth of Monterotondo, which is called Cerchiaco, and is fituated in the Lower Sienna, he made with it feveral experiments, the refult of which was, the difcovery of a genuine native fedative falt. By adding to this fome marine alkali, he produced a real borax; that is, he obtained from the mixture mixture of these two fubftances a faline matter, foluble in water, fufceptible of a cryftallization fomewhat like that of alum, and which, by being expofed to a red heat, is transformed into a kind of faline glafs. The importance and utility of this discovery are palpable. III. Umfændliche Nachricht von der Hamburgifchen Handlungs Academie i. e. A circumftantial Account of the Commercial Academy at Hamburgh. By J. G. Bufch, Profeffor of Mathematics, and Infpector of this Eftablifhment. 12mo. Hamburgh. 1778. We are the rather inclined to announce this small publication, as it may be of ufe to thofe parents who wish that their fons, before they enter on actual business in counting-houfes, fhould acquire the previous knowledge which may afterward prove useful and ornamental to them. We are aware that the best school for business, is business itfelf; but ftill, in every branch, there are certain elements which must be gained by ftudy, independent of practice. Such, in the cafe of merchants, are languages, a certain degree of hiftorical and geographical knowledge, and a general acquaintance with the theory of commerce. If to this be added, the useful application of the years of inactivity to which many young men are exposed before they can come into actual employment, we think we may recommend this establishment as likely to afford confiderable advantage. We must add, that the interior conftitution of it appears to be judicioufly framed. We refer those who wish to be farther informed concerning this inftitution, to the Circumftantial Account' above mentioned, or to Mr. Ebeling, the director of the Academy. MONTHLY CATALOGU E, For MARCH, 1780. POLITICAL. Art, 10. A Defence of the Act of Parliament lately paffed for the Relief of Roman Catholics: Containing a true State of the Laws now in Force against Popery: In Anfwer to a Pamphlet, intitled, an Appeal from the Proteftant Affociation to the People of Great Britain, &c." In a Letter to a Friend. By a Proteftant, Svo. 6d. Johnson. 1780. IN 66 N our Review for January, we delivered our opinion refpecting the merits of the pamphlet, to which this letter hath given a more particular reply. We are happy to find our fentiments confirmed by a writer of fuch abilities and candour, as the Author of this letter evidently appears to poffefs. He conducts his argument with spirit and propriety: while the confiftent Proteftant, and the friend of humanity, appear in every page. We fincerely wish that its circulation may be as extenfive as that of the "Appeal." It is, we think, a fovereign antidote to the malignant poifon which the minifters |