The principal wild fruits are plums, strawberries, blackberries and grapes, from which a tolerable wine is made.

The country is generally covered with herbage and a species of wild grass. It abounds with medicinal plants. The rich bottom lands are overgrown with canes which afford excellent food for cattle.

Mines. The county of Cabarras contains a gold mine, which has furnished the mint of the United States, with virgin gold. The extent of the mine has not yet been ascertained.

Mineral Springs. In several counties are mineral springs of great medicinal virtue. They are impregnated chiefly with sulphur, nitre, and the aerial acid, and are powerful in removing cutaneous and scorbutic complaints, and correcting indigestions.

Manufactures. Excellent iron is manufactured in this state. Other manufactures are yet in their infancy.

Commerce. The produce of the back country is chiefly carried to South-Carolina and Virginia. The middle counties generally trade at Fayetteville, the principal inland town. The exports from the lower parts, consist of tar, pitch, turpentine, rosin, corn, lumber, furs, tobacco, pork, lard, tallow, and wax. Their trade is chiefly to the West-Indies and the northern states.

Public Improvements. A company is incorporated by the concurring laws of this state and Virginia, to make a navigable canal from the head of Pasquotank to Elizabeth river, through Great Dismal Swamp.

Individuals of Newbern have made a navigable canal from the lake in the other dismal swamp to the head of Skuppernong river, 5 miles.

Education. The general assembly of the state incorporated 40 gentlemen, five from each district, as trustees of the University of North-Carolina. This university is established at Chapel Hill, in Orange county; it has a professor of sciences, a professor of languages, three tutors, and 100 students.

There are several very good academies ; one at Warrenton, one at Fayetteville, &c.

Cities and Chief Towns. The city of RALEIGH is the seat of government. The legislature of the state has ap propriated large sums for the purpose of erecting public

buildings. In 1800, the city contained only about 81 houses, but the number has since much increased.

NEWBERN is the largest town in the state. It stands on a sandy point of land, formed by the confluence of the Neuse and Trent rivers, and contains 2467 inhabitants.

EDENTON stands on the north side of Albemarle sound, containing 150 indifferent wood houses, with a few handsome buildings, and has 1302 inhabitants.

WILMINGTON is a town of 300 houses, and 1689 inhabitants, standing on the east side of the eastern branch of Cape Fear river, 34 miles from the sea.

HILLSBOROUGH is a pleasant inland town, 180 miles northwest from Newbern, with 474 inhabitants.

SALISBURY is agreeably situated near Yadkin river, with 645 inhabitants.

FAYETTEVILLE, the largest inland commercial town in the state, is on the west side of Cape Fear river, which is navigable to this place, and has 1656 inhabitants.

HALIFAX, on the banks of the Roanoke; WASHINGTON, in the county of Beaufort; GREENSVILLE, so called after Gen. Green, in Pitt county; and TARBOROUGH in Edgecomb county, are the other chief towns.

Curiosities. The Arrarat, or Pilot Mountain, draws the attention of every curious traveller, in this part of the state. It is discernible at the distance of 60 or 70 miles, overlooking the country below. It was anciently called the Pilot, by the Indians, as it served them for a beacon, to conduct their routes. On approaching it a grand display of nature's workmanship, in a rude dress, is exhibited. From its broad base, the mountain rises in easy ascent, like a pyramid, near a mile high, to where it is not more than the area of an acre broad; when on a sudden, a vast stupendous rock, having the appearance of a large castle, with its battlements, erects its perpendicular height to upwards of 300 feet, and terminates in a flat, which is generally as level as a floor. To ascend this precipice, there is only one way, which, through cavities and fissures of the rock, is with some difficulty and danger effected. When on the summit, the eye is entertained with a vast delightful prospect of the Apalachian mountains, on the north, and a wide extended level country below, on the south; while the streams of the Yadkin and Dan, on the

right and left hand, are discovered at several distant places, winding their way, through the fertile low grounds, towards the ocean.

Extent.

SOUTH-CAROLINA.

SOUTH-CAROLINA extends from thirty

two to thirty-five degrees north latitude, and from four to nine degrees west longitude; 200 miles long and 125 broad, containing 24,000 square miles.

Boundaries. Bounded north by North-Carolina; east by the Atlantic ocean; south and southwest by Georgia. In form this state nearly resembles a triangle, which extends along the Atlantic ocean more than 200 miles; Georgia on the south, and North-Carolina on the north, approximate to each other about 300 miles from the seacoast, so as nearly to form an angle inclosing the whole

state.

Divisions and Population. This state is naturally divided into what is termed Upper and Lower Country. Its civil divisions are the following 28 districts, the subdivisions of which are, in some, called parishes, in others, counties. No. inhabitants.

Districts.

No. inhabitants.

Districts.

Face of the Country. The whole state to the distance of 100 miles from the sea, is low and level, almost without a stone, and abounds with swamps and marshes. About 140 miles west of Charleston, is a tract of high land,

called The Ridge, beyond which the land continues rising from hills to mountains, to the western terminating point of the state.

Bays and Harbors. The only harbors of note, are those of Charleston, Port Royal, or Beaufort, and Georgetown. Charleston harbor is spacious and convenient, formed by the junction of Ashley and Cooper rivers. Winyau Bay is formed by the union of Pedee and several smaller rivers, and communicates with the ocean, twelve miles below Georgetown.

Rivers and Bridges. The river Savannah washes the whole extent of this state, from northwest to southeast, The Edisto rises in two branches, from the ridge already mentioned, in the interior of the state.

Santee is the largest, and longest river in the state. It empties into the ocean by two mouths, south of GeorgeAbout 120 miles from the mouth, it branches into the Congaree and Wateree. The latter is also called the Catabaw..

town.

Pedee river rises in North-Carolina, where it is called the Yadkin, and falls into Winyau bay, at Georgetown.

The rivers of a secondary size, are Wakkama, Black river, Ashley, Cooper, Ashepoo, and Combahee.

Over Ashley river, at Charleston, was completed a bridge, in 1810, 2100 feet in length, and including the causeway, nearly a mile, 30 feet wide. The principal architect was Mr. William Mills, of Massachusetts. Another was built over the Congaree, which has been carried away by a flood.

Soil and Productions. The soil is of various kinds, well suited to the production of grain, pasture, and timber. In the low country is cultivated Indian corn, and in the back country, tobacco, wheat, rye, barley, oats, hemp, flax, cotton and silk. They have oranges and figs, a few lime and lemon trees, pomegranates, pears, aud peaches. The water melon is raised here in perfection. This state produces a great variety of medicinal herbs, and roots, and uncommon trees, too numerous to be noticed in this work. The whole country is overrun with spontaneous grapes.

Minerals and Fossils. This country abounds with precious ores, such as gold, silver, lead, and black lead, cop

per, and iron. There are likewise to be found pellucid stones of different hues; rock crystal, pyrites, petrified substances, coarse cornelian, marble beautifully variegated, vitreous stones, and vitreous sand; red and yellow ochres, potter's clay of a most delicate texture, fuller's earth, and a number of dye-stuffs; likewise an abundance of chalk, crude alum, sulphur, nitre, vitriol, and along the banks of rivers large quantities of marle may be collected.

Manufactures. In the middle and upper districts, the people manufacture their own cotton and woollen cloths, and most of their implements of husbandry. The manu facture of indigo is important and productive. Large quantities of iron are made in some parts.

Commerce. The principal articles exported from this state, are rice, cotton, tobacco, skins of various kinds, pitch, tar, rosin, turpentine, myrtle wax, lumber, naval stores, cork, leather, pink root, snake root, ginger, &c. In the most successful seasons, there have been 140,000 barrels of rice exported. Formerly, 1,300,000 pounds of indigo were exported in one year from this state. None is now cultivated. Cotton has taken its place.

· Public Improvements. Under this head, beside the bridges already noticed, may be mentioned a canal, uniting the Santee with Cooper's river, 21 miles long, of vast utility. Other canals are in forwardness, designed to connect the Edisto with the Ashley, and the Savannah with the Edisto.

A road from South-Carolina to Knoxville in Tennessee across the mountains, is opening under the patronage of the legislatures of the two states.

Customs and Manners. The Carolinians are generally affable and easy in their manners, and polite and attentive to strangers. The ladies want the bloom of the north, but have an engaging softness and delicacy in their appearance and manners.

Hunting is the most fashionable amusement in this state. At this, the country gentlemen are extremely expert, and with surprising dexterity pursue their game through the woods. Gaming is more discountenanced among fashionable people in this, than in any of the other southern states. Twice a year statedly, a class of sport.